Tripura High Court
Smt. Sudipa Saha vs The State Of Tripura on 19 February, 2019
Author: Sanjay Karol
Bench: Sanjay Karol, Arindam Lodh
Page 1 of 61
HIGH COURT OF TRIPURA
AGARTALA
1. W.P(c)No. 1138 of 2016.
Smt. Sudipa Saha, W/o. Sri Braja Dulal Saha, R/o. Ward No.35,
Saha Para near old water supply, Bankumary Renters Colony,
P.O - Agartala, P.S-East Agartala, District - West Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S - New Capital Complex, District -
West Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S - West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its Member
Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-110016.
5. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
----Respondent(s)
2. W.P(c)No. 23 of 2017.
Sri Dulal Debnath, S/o. Sri Gouranga Debnath, R/o.-Vill. + P.O-
Sonatala, P.S-Khowai, District-Khowai.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its Member
Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-110016.
5. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
----Respondent(s)
Page 2 of 61
3. W.P(c)No. 25 of 2017.
Sri Suman Pal, S/o. Late Samir Kanta Pal, R/o-Shibnagar,
Agartala, P.O-College Tilla, P.S-East Agartala, District-West
Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its Member
Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-110016.
5. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
----Respondent(s)
4. W.P(c)No. 26 of 2017.
Smt. Ruma Sen, W/o. Sri Rahul Dhar, R/o.-Vill.-Mohanpur, P.O +
P.S-Kailashwar, District-Unokoti.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its Member
Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-110016.
5. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
----Respondent(s)
Page 3 of 61
5. W.P(c)No. 27 of 2017.
Sri Dulal Debnath, S/o. Sri Gouranga Debnath, R/o.-Vill. + P.O-
Sonatala, P.S-Khowai, District-Khowai.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its Member
Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-110016.
5. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
----Respondent(s)
6. W.P(c)No. 28 of 2017.
Sri Suman Pal, S/o. Late Samir Kanta Pal, R/o-Shibnagar,
Agartala, P.O-College Tilla, P.S-East Agartala, District-West
Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its Member
Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-110016.
5. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
----Respondent(s)
Page 4 of 61
7. W.P(c)No. 520 of 2017.
Smt. Sangita Das, D/o. Sri Atul Kr. Dasl, R/o. Vill.-Amtali, P.O &
P.S-Amtali, District-West Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its Member
Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-110016.
5. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
----Respondent(s)
8. W.P(c)No. 1018 of 2017.
Sri Manik Bhowmik, S/o. Sri Pradip Kumar Bhowmik, R.O-Vill.-
Matabari, P.O-Matabari, P.S-R. K. Pur, District-South Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council For Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
Page 5 of 61
9. W.P(c)No. 1019 of 2017.
Sri Dipankar Ghosh, S/o. Adhir Ghosh, R.O-Vill.-Bampur, P.O-
Bampur, P.S-Birganj, District-Gomati, Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
10. W.P(c)No. 1020 of 2017.
Sri Surajit Bhattacharjee, S/O-Late Samarjit Bhattacharjee, R.O -
Vill.-Thakurpara, P.O-Indranagar, P.S-New Capital Complex,
District-West Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
Page 6 of 61
11. W.P(c)No. 1021 of 2017.
Sri Suman Das, S/o.-Rasaraj Ch. Das, R.O-Vill.-Kanchanmala,
P.O-Amtali, P.S-Amtali, District-West Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
12. W.P(c)No. 1022 of 2017.
Sri Sanjib Kumar Das, S/o- Kajal Kumar Das, R.O-Vill.-West
Dukli, P.O-Madhuban Dukli, P.S-Amtali, District-West Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its s
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
Page 7 of 61
13. W.P(c)No. 1023 of 2017.
Smt. Swarnalika Dey, D.O-Late Nitai Ch. Dey, R.O-Vill.-Udaipur,
P.O-R.K. Pur, P.S- R. K. Pur, District-Gomati Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
14. W.P(c)No. 1024 of 2017.
Sri Mitan Das, S/o. Anil Ch. Das, R.O-Vill.-South Nalchar, P.O-
East Nalchar, P.S-East Nalchar, District-Sepahijala Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
Page 8 of 61
15. W.P(c)No. 1025 of 2017.
Sri Biswajit Debnath, S/o.-Mitilal Debnath, R.O-Vill.-Rambari,
P.O-Thakurchara, P.S-Baikhora, District-South Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
16. W.P(c)No. 1026 of 2017.
Smt. Sudipa Saha, W.o-Braja Dulal Saha, R.O-Vill.-Bankumari,
P.O- Jogendranagar, P.S-East Agartala, District-West Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
Page 9 of 61
17. W.P(c)No. 1027 of 2017.
Smt. Bijeyeata Das, D.O-Sri Babul Ch. Das, R.O-Vill.- South
Belonia, P.O-Belonia, P.S-Belonia, District-South Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
18. W.P(c)No. 1028 of 2017.
Sri Mitan Nama, S/o-Late Dulal Nama, R.O-Vill.-West Jolaibari,
P.O-Jolaibari, P.S-Baikhora, District-South Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
Page 10 of 61
19. W.P(c)No. 1029 of 2017.
Sri Anjan Sarkar, S.O-Swapan Sarkar, R.O-Vill.- Kalshimura, P.O-
Kalshimura, P.S-Kalamchowra, District-Sepahijala Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
20. W.P(c)No. 1030 of 2017.
Sri Ranjit Chandra Saha, S/o-Anil Chandra Saha, R.O-Vill.-
Chandamari (West), P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex,
District-West Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
Page 11 of 61
21. W.P(c)No. 1031 of 2017.
Sri Dhananjoy Das, S.O-Pokan Das, R.O-Vill.-Battali, P.O-Battali,
P.S-Sonamura, District-Sepahijala Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
22. W.P(c)No. 1032 of 2017.
Sri Jonson Tripura, S/o-Late Sri Kali Kumar Tripura, R.O-Vill.-
Sonai Chari, P.O-Sonai Bazar, P.S-Sabroom, District-South
Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
Page 12 of 61
23. W.P(c)No. 1033 of 2017.
Sri Karna Barman, S.O-Sri Krishna Chandra Barman, R.O-Vill.-
Birchandranagar, P.O- Takmachara, P.S-Santir Bazar, District-
South Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
24. W.P(c)No. 1034 of 2017.
Sri Jhutan Debnath, S/o.-Maghulal Debnath, R.O-Vill.-Uttar
Maharani, P.O- Maharani, P.S-R. K. Pur, District-Gomati Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 13 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
25. W.P(c)No. 1035 of 2017.
Smt. Rakhi Muhuri, W.O-Arpan Ghosh, R.O-Vill.-Charakbai, P.O-
Laxmichara, P.S-Baikhora, District-South Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
26. W.P(c)No. 1036 of 2017.
Sri Mitan Sutradhar, S/o.-Shyamal Sutradhar, R.O-Vill.-Satbudia,
P.O-Fatikchara, P.S-Sidhai, District-West Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 14 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
27. W.P(c)No. 1037 of 2017.
Sri Jiban Das, S/o- Sri Umesh Ch. Das, R.O - Vill.- Bhabanipur,
P.O-Bhabanipur, P.S-Jatra Pur, District-Sepahijala Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
28. W.P(c)No. 1038 of 2017.
Sri Kirit Tripura, S/O-Rabindra Kumar Tripura, R.O-Vill.-
Chatakchari, P.O & P.S-Sonaichari, District-South Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 15 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
29. W.P(c)No. 1039 of 2017.
Sri Suman Pal, S/o. Late Samir Kanta Pal, R/o-Vill.-Shibnagar,
Agartala, P.O-College Tilla, P.S-East Agartala, District-West
Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
30. W.P(c)No. 1040 of 2017.
Sri Ashim Biswas, S/o-Sukhlal Biswas, R.O-Vill.-Rangutia, P.O-
Bamutia, P.S-Lefunga, District-West Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 16 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
31. W.P(c)No. 1041 of 2017.
Sri Dipankar Das, S/o. Sri Pulin Ch. Das, R.O-Vill.-Bhabanipur,
P.O-Bhabanipur, P.S-Jatra Pur, District-Sepahijala Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
32. W.P(c)No. 1042 of 2017.
Sri Dulal Debnath, S/o- Gouranga Debnath, R.O-Vill. & P.O-
Sonatala, P.S-Khowai, District-Khowai.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 17 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
33. W.P(c)No. 1047 of 2017.
Sri Debajit Das, S/o-Sri Pulin Das, R.O-Vill.-Garurband, P.O-
Urmai, P.S-Sunamura, District-Sepahijala Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
34. W.P(c)No. 1048 of 2017.
Smt. Sangita Banik, D.O-Sri Radha Raman Banik, R.O-Vill.-East
Pratapgarh, P.O-Pratapgarh, P.S-East Agartala, District-West
Agartala.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 18 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
35. W.P(c)No. 1050 of 2017.
Sri Manik Bhowmik, S/o. Sri Pradip kumar Bhowmik, R.O-Vill.-
Matabari, P.O-Matabari, P.S-R. K. Pur, District-South Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
36. W.P(c)No. 1145 of 2017.
Sri Dipankar Das, S/o- Sri Pulin Ch. Das, R.O-Vill.- Bhabanipur,
P.O-Bhabanipur, P.S-Jatra Pur, District-Sepahijala Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 19 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
37. W.P(c)No. 1146 of 2017.
Sri Suman Pal, S/o. Late Samir Kanta Pal, R/o-Shibnagar,
Agartala, P.O-College Tilla, P.S-East Agartala, District-West
Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
38. W.P(c)No. 1147 of 2017.
Sri Dulal Debnath, S/o. Sri Gouranga Debnath, R/o.-Vill. & P.O-
Sonatala, P.S-Khowai, District-Khowai.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
Page 20 of 61
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
39. W.P(c)No. 1148 of 2017.
Sri Dhananjoy Das, S.O-Pokan Das, R.O-Vill.-Battali, P.O-Battali,
P.S-Sonamura, District-Sepahijala Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
40. W.P(c)No. 1149 of 2017.
Sri Mitan Das, S.O-Anil Ch. Das, R.O-Vill.-South Nalchar, P.O-
East Nalchar, P.S-East Nalchar, District-Sepahijala Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
Page 21 of 61
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
41. W.P(c)No. 1150 of 2017.
Sri Mitan Sutradhar, S.O-Shyamal Sutradhar, R.O-Vill.-Satbudia,
P.O-Fatikchara, P.S-Sidhai, District-West Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
42. W.P(c)No. 1151 of 2017.
Sri Jonson Tripura, S.O-Late Sri Kali Kumar Tripura, R.O-Vill.-
Sonai Chari, P.O-Sonai Bazar, P.S-Sabroom, District-South
Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
Page 22 of 61
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
43. W.P(c)No. 1152 of 2017.
Sri Karna Barman, S.O-Sri Krishna Chandra Barman, R.O-Vill.-
Birchandranagar, P.O-Takmachara, P.S-Santir Bazar, District-
South Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
44. W.P(c)No. 1153 of 2017.
Sri Sanjib Kumar Das, S.O-Kajal Kumar Das, R.O-Vill.-West
Dukli, P.O-Madhuban Dukli, P.S-Amtali, District-West Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
Page 23 of 61
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
45. W.P(c)No. 1154 of 2017.
Smt. Dipti Tripura, D/o. Sri Padma Mohan Tripura, R/o.-Vill.-
Chatakchari, P.O-Sonaibazar, P.S-Sonaibazar, District-South
Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
46. W.P(c)No. 1155 of 2017.
Sri Suklal Debnath, S/o.Ripan Debnath, R/o.-Vill.-Laxmipur, P.O-
Barpathari, P.S-Belonia, District-South Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
Page 24 of 61
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
47. W.P(c)No. 1156 of 2017.
Smt. Papri Debnath, W/o. Sri Charan Tudu, R/o.-Vill.-Dhaleswar
Road No.11, P.O: Dhaleswar, P.S-East Agartala, District-West
Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
48. W.P(c)No. 1157 of 2017.
Smt. Sabgita Banik, D/o:Radha Raman Banik, R/o. Vill.-East
Pratapgarh, P.O-Pratapgarh, P.S-East Agartala, District-West
Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
Page 25 of 61
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
49. W.P(c)No. 1158 of 2017.
Smt. Rakhi Muhuri, W/o. Arpan Ghosh, R.O.-Vill.-Charakbai, P.O-
Laxmichara, P.S-Baikhora, District-South Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
50. W.P(c)No. 1159 of 2017.
Smt. Debsree Debnath. D/o.Santosh Debnath, R/o.-Vill.-Baraiya,
P.O-Baldakhal, P.S-Belonia, District-South Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
Page 26 of 61
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
51. W.P(c)No. 1160 of 2017.
Sri Suman Das, S/o. Rasaraj Ch. Das, R/o.-Vill.-Kanchanmala,
P.O-Amtali, P.S-Amtali, District-West Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
52. W.P(c)No. 1161 of 2017.
Sri Kirit Tripura, S.O-Rabindra Kumar Tripura, R.O-Vill.-
Chatakchari, P.O & P.S-Sonaichari, District-South Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 27 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
53. W.P(c)No. 1162 of 2017.
Smt. Sudipa Saha, W/o.-Braja Dulal Saha, R.O-Vill.-Bankumari,
P.O-Jogendranagar, P.S-East Agartala, District-West Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
54. W.P(c)No. 1163 of 2017.
Smt. Mitan Nama, S.O-Late Dulal Nama, R.O-Vill.-West Jolaibari,
P.O-Jolaibari, P.S-Baikhora, District-South Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 28 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
55. W.P(c)No. 1164 of 2017.
Sri Ranjit Chandra Saha, S/o. Anil Chandra Saha, R.O-Vill.-
Chandamari (West), P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex,
District-West Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
56. W.P(c)No. 1165 of 2017.
Smt. Ankita Deb, D/o: Late Amalendu Deb, R/O.-Vill.-Housing
Board, P.O-R. K. Pur, P.S-R. K. Pur, District-Gomati Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 29 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
57. W.P(c)No. 1166 of 2017.
Sri Subrata Sarkar, S/o: Sushir Sarkar, R.O.-Vill.-Laxmichara,
P.O-Laxmichara, P.S-Baikhora, District-South Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
58. W.P(c)No. 1167 of 2017.
Sri Debasis Bhowmik, S/o. Nirmal Bhowmik, R/O-Vill.-Sonamura,
P.O-R.K. Pur, P.S-R. K. Pur, District-Gomati Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 30 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
59. W.P(c)No. 1168 of 2017.
Sri Debajit Das, S.O-Sri Pulin Das, R.O.-Vill.-Garurband, P.O-
Urmai, P.S-Sunamura, District-Sepahijala Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
60. W.P(c)No. 1169 of 2017.
Sri Surajit Bhattacharjee, S/O-Late Samarjit Bhattacharjee, R.O-
Vill. Thakurpara, P.O-Indranagar, P.S-New Capital Complex,
District-West Tripura.
----Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 31 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
61. W.P(c)No. 1170 of 2017.
Sri Jiban Das, S/O-Sri Umesh Ch. Das, R.O-Vill.-Bhabanipur, P.O-
Bhabanipur, P.S-Jatra Pur, District-Sepahijala Tripura.
---Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
62. W.P(c)No. 1171 of 2017.
Sri Biswajit Debnath, S.O-Matilal Debnath, R.O-Vill.-Rambari,
P.O-Thakurchara, P.S-Baikhora, District-South Tripura.
---Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 32 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
63. W.P(c)No. 1172 of 2017.
Sri Dipankar Ghosh, S/o. Adhir Ghosh, R.O-Vill-Bampur, P.O-
Bampur, P.S-Birganj, District-Gomati Tripura.
---Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
64. W.P(c)No. 1173 of 2017.
Sri Anjan Sarkar, S/O-Swapan Sarkar, R.O-Vill.-Kalshimura, P.O-
Kalshimura, P.S-Kalamchowra, Distrit-Sepahijala Tripura.
---Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 33 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
65. W.P(c)No. 1174 of 2017.
Sri Ashim Biswas, S.O-Sukhlal Biswas, R.O-Vill.-Rangutia, P.O-
Bamutia, P.S-Lefunga, District-West Tripura.
---Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
66. W.P(c)No. 1175 of 2017.
Smt. Swarnalika Dey, D.O-Late Nitai Ch. Dey, R.O-Vill.-Udaipur,
P.O-R. K. Pur, P.S-R. K. Pur, District-Gomati Tripura.
---Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 34 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
67. W.P(c)No. 1176 of 2017.
Sri Jhutan Debnath, S.O-Maghulal Debnath, R.O-Vill.-Uttar
Maharani, P.O-Maharani, P.S-R.K. Pur, District-Gomati Tripura.
---Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
68. W.P(c)No. 1177 of 2017.
Sri Hiranya Jamatia, S.O-Padma Mohan Jamatia, R.O-Vill.-
Atharabla, P.O-Manikya, P.S-Killa, District-Gomati Tripura.
---Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 35 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
69. W.P(c)No. 1178 of 2017.
Smt. Bijeyeata Das, D.O-Sri Babul Ch. Das, R.O-Vill.-South
Belonia, P.O-Belonia, P.S-Belonia, District-South Tripura.
---Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
70. W.P(c)No. 1179 of 2017.
Sri Dipankar Majumder, S/O. Sri Shyamal Ranjan Majumder,
R/O-Master Para, Town Bordowali, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West
Agartala, District-West Tripura.
---Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 36 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
71. W.P(c)No. 1346 of 2017.
Sri Sujit Debnath, S/O-Haralal Debnath, R.O-West Pilak, P.O-
Madhya Pilak, P.S-Baikhora, District-South Tripura.
---Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
72. W.P(c)No. 1349 of 2017.
Smt. Karabi Majumder, W/o. Sri Chirajit Das, R/O-Vill.-
Rajarbagh, P.O-Rajarbagh, P.S-R. K. Pur, Ward No.16, District-
Gomoti Tripura.
---Petitioner(s)
Versus
1. The State of Tripura, represented by Secretary-cum-
Commissioner to the School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Kunjaban, P.S-New Capital Complex, District-West
Tripura.
2. The Director of School Education Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala, District-West Tripura.
3. Teacher Recruitment Board Tripura (TRBT), Represented by
its Member Secretary, Education (School) Department, Govt. of
Tripura, P.O-Agartala, P.S-West Agartala. District-West Tripura.
4. National Council for Teacher Education(NCTE), Represented
by its Member Secretary, Hans Bhawan, Wing-II, 1, Bahadur
Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.
Page 37 of 61
5. The Rehabilitation Council of India, Represented by its
Member Secretary, B-22, Qutub Institutional Area, New Delhi-
110016.
----Respondent(s)
BEFORE
HON'BLE THE CHIEF JUSTICE MR. SANJAY KAROL
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ARINDAM LODH
For the Petitioner(s) : Mr. Arijit Bhaumik, Advocate.
Mr. A. Debbarma, Advocate.
For the respondent(s) : Mr. A. K.Bhowmik, Adv. Gen.
Mr. N.Choudhury, G. A.
Mr. S. Sinha, Advocate.
Mr. T. D. Majumder, Advocate.
Date of hearing : 12.12.2018
Date of judgment : 19.12.2018.
Whether fit for reporting : YES.
Judgment & Order
(Sanjay Karol, C.J.)
In this bunch of petitions, the question involved is
common. For the purposes of convenience as mutually agreed by
the learned counsel, we only refer to the facts of WP(C)
No.1050/2017 titled as Manik Bhowmik Vs The State of
Tripura & Ors.
2. In the said petition, petitioner has prayed for the
following reliefs:
(I) Issue notice upon the respondents
(II) Call for the records.
(III) Issue rule calling upon the respondents to
show cause as to why the recruitment rule dated
5/9/2016 bearing no. F.3(C-13)SE-E(GL)2015
whereby vide clause (7) the degree of Bachelor of
Education (Special) has been derecognized as an
essential qualification for the post of Graduate
teacher, shall not be set aside and quashed.
Page 38 of 61
AND
Issue rule calling upon the respondents to
show cause as to why the advertisement dated
27/5/2017 whereby the respondents have notified
the posts of Graduate teacher on the basis of the
aforesaid recruitment rules shall not be set aside
and quashed
AND
Issue rule calling upon the respondents to
show cause as to why a writ of mandamus directing
the respondents to treat the degree of B.Ed(Special)
as equivalent to B.Ed (Regular) and thereafter to
consider the Petitioner as eligible candidate for the
post of Graduate teacher shall not be issued.
(IV) And after hearing the parties please make
the rule absolute
AND
In the interim be pleased to keep one post
of Graduate teacher pursuant to advertisement
dated 27/5/2017 vacant for the petitioner till
disposal of the connected writ petition.
AND/OR
For this act of kindness your humble
petitioner as in duty bound shall ever pray."
3. On 5th September, 2016, by virtue of its power under
Article 309 of the Constitution of India, the Government of
Tripura notified rules termed as the "Recruitment Rules, 2016"
for the post of Graduate Teacher, (For Class IX-X) under the
Education Department, Directorate of Secondary Education.
4. The minimum essential qualification prescribed under
the said Rules, with which we are concerned, and to which
challenge is laid by the writ petitioners, reads as under:
Page 39 of 61
―Essential Minimum Qualification:-
(a) Graduate/Post Graduate from recognized University with at
least 50% marks in either Graduation or Post Graduation (or its
equivalent) and Bachelor of Education (B.Ed) from national
Council for Teacher Education recognized Institution.‖
(emphasis supplied)
5. Pursuant to the said notification, on 27th May, 2017
the State notified its intent of filling up vacancies to the post of
graduate teachers for class IX and X.
6. Noticeably, the said notification reiterated the
eligibility criteria, so stipulated under the Rules, reproduced
supra.
7. Provision for equivalence of a degree was also made
as was so prescribed in clause-4 of the very same notification,
which reads as under:
―4. Equivalency of a Degree: Equivalence of a Degree (if any)
will be ascertained by Equivalence Committee formed vide
Notification No. F.1.(1-50)-SE/E(NG)/2015 dated 20.08.2016 by
Education (School) Department. Decision of Equivalence
Committee will be final in this regard.‖
8. It is not in dispute that pursuant to such
advertisement, all of the writ petitioners applied, appeared in the
written examination and were selected for the said post. Only
thereafter, their applications for verification of fulfillment of
eligibility criteria processed. It is at this stage, that it was so
ascertained that none of the writ petitioners fulfilled the eligibility
criteria inasmuch as they had not obtained a degree of Bachelor
of Education from "National Council for Teacher Education
recognised institution."
Page 40 of 61
9. Since petitioners did not fulfill the eligibility criteria,
they approached this Court, laying challenge to the eligibility
condition prescribing the eligibility criteria.
10. On 06.09.2017 when these petitions came up for
hearing, this Court directed that appointments made, if any, shall
be subject to the outcome of the writ petition.
11. It is the common case of all the parties, that save and
except for 8/10 persons, all the selected candidates/ petitioners
were issued letters of appointment and are now serving the
State. But then obviously as they stand informed, such
appointment is subject to the outcome of the writ petition.
12. In any event, we are of the considered view that no
equity can be claimed by any one of such persons, merely for the
reason that their cases were pending before this Court and that
the State volunteered to issue letters of appointment, dehors the
rules prescribing minimum eligibility criteria.
13. Assailing the eligibility criteria, Sri Arijit Bhowmik,
learned counsel appearing for the petitioners has made the
following submissions:
a) Under the provisions of the Right of Children to
Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009,
(hereinafter referred to as the „RTE‟), all children
including child with disability as defined under sub-
section (ee) of Section 2 has a right to undertake free
and quality education.
Page 41 of 61
b) The criteria prescribing eligibility for appointment
as a teacher under the said Act, and more specifically
under Section 23 has to be such as would enhance the
quality of education and sub-serve not only the
provisions of the said Act, but also provisions of the
Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016,
(hereinafter referred to as the „Disabilities Act‟), and
the Rehabilitation of India Act, 1992, (hereinafter
referred to as the „the Rehabilitation Act‟).
c) To buttress such contention, it is argued that the
authority stipulated under Section 23 of the RTE Act
has to prescribe only such minimum qualification,
which sub-serves the objects and purposes of the
Disabilities Act and the Rehabilitation Act.
d) Under the provisions of the Disabilities Act, the
State is under an obligation to provide for such an
inclusive education, as is so defined under Section (m)
of Section 2 of the Said Act and that it is the duty of
every appropriate government and the educational
institutions to ensure that no discrimination in
providing education is made out to any one of the
children. In this regard, specific attention is invited to
Section 16 of this Act.
e) Also by virtue of Section 31 of the said Act, the age
limit of a child entitled to free and compulsory
education stands enhanced from 14 to 18 years.
Page 42 of 61
g) Further highlighting as to how the writ petitioners
stands discriminated, our attention is invited to the
notification dated 23rd August, 2010, 29th July, 2011
that of the NCTE, wherein for admission up to class
VIII, the eligibility criteria prescribed is graduation of
one year B.Ed (Special Education). This, however, as
we notice is subject to the successful candidate, after
appointment acquiring a special programme in
elementary education for a period of six months from
an NCTE recognised institute.
h) However, the criteria prescribed under the
rehabilitation Act is more stringent and higher than
that of the Education Act and as such each one of the
writ petitioners being specially trained, having
acquired education in a specific trait of higher quality,
in any event, fulfills the eligibility criteria of Bachelor
of Education, so prescribed by the NCTE.
i) On 11.07.2018, the State Government has notified
formation of the Equivalence Committee for
certification of equivalence of different academic
degrees.
j) Now in the 47th meeting of the General Body of the
NCTE amendment stands proposed making B.Ed with
pedagogy two school subjects as the eligibility criteria.
k) In support, learned counsel has also referred to and
relied upon the decision rendered by the Apex Court in
Page 43 of 61
Justice Sunanda Bhandare Foundation Vs. Union
of India & Anr., reported in (2017) 14 SCC 1, as
also order dated 16.09.2009 passed by the High Court
of Delhi in WP(C)6771/2008 titled as Social Jurist, A
Civil Rights Group Vs. Govt. of NCT of Delhi & Anr.
l) Lastly, it is submitted that in any event, the
Directorate of Elementary Education, Government of
Tripura has issued an Office Order dated 04.12.2018,
informing that now it would be permissible for in
service eligible candidates to acquire B.Ed Degree
(ODL model) from ICFAI University, Tripura which is
conducting the said course for two year duration w.e.f.
the academic year 2018-19 and as such, each one of
the writ petitioners can now, while continuing to
service, fulfill the eligibility criteria.
14. Opposing the petition, with vehemence, learned
Advocate General contends that petitioners have not made out
any case for quashing the rules prescribing the eligibility criteria.
15. Sri. TD Majumdar, learned counsel appearing for the
Rehabilitation Council of India (RCI), respondent No.5 states that
no relief is claimed against his clients, but however, supports the
writ petitioners for the reason that they are having higher
qualification as prescribed under the Rehabilitation Act, and it is
only the writ petitioners who alone can impart education to the
disabled persons as specified under the Rehabilitation Act which
none else can do for it is an offence otherwise to do so.
Page 44 of 61
16. Sri Sinha, learned counsel appearing for the National
Council for Teacher Education-respondent No.4 contents that the
RCI has taken a diametrically opposite stand by filing two
affidavits. In WP(C)520/2017 titled as Sangita Das Vs. State of
Tripura & Ors., the stand taken by the Council is that all the
petitioners are ineligible and in the instant case, the stand taken
is that the petitioners are fully eligible and as such are competent
to teach the children.
17. It is further contended that there is reason and logic
in fixing the criteria by the Council, inasmuch for imparting
education to higher classes, i.e. class IX - XII higher educational
qualification is required and it is with this object and purpose, the
Council right from the very beginning has prescribed the criteria
of acquiring a degree in B.Ed course.
18. In the instant case, the question of equivalence does
not arise at all as is evidently clear from the notification dated
12.11.2014 for such question would arise only in those cases
where the eligibility criteria is prescribed for lower classes.
19. Responding to another submission, made by Mr.
Bhowmik, learned counsel for the petitioner, Sri Sinha contends
that any incorrect information furnished by an officer under the
RTI Act cannot be used as a plea of estoppel against his client,
for in this regard, rules and notifications are abundantly clear.
When it comes to the eligibility criteria, needless to add, State is
duty bound to adhere to such criteria by virtue of Article 254 of
the Constitution of India.
Page 45 of 61
20. Mr. N Choudhury, learned GA submits that under the
provisions of the RTE Act, State is duty bound to follow the
criteria prescribed by the authorized authority, i.e. the NCTE and
that the action of the State is totally in consonance with the
provisions of law.
21. Before us, it is not in dispute that facts with regard to
the eligibility criteria required for filling up of the post of Senior
Secondary Teachers is Masters Degree. That being the only
difference, all other facts are similar and as such not referred to
separately for the issue involved is same and similar.
22. Let us first examine the intent, purpose and scope of
the relevant statutes referred to by the learned counsel for the
petitioners.
23. The Education Act was enacted for the purpose of
providing free and compulsory education to all children of
relevant age with the insertion of Article 21 A in the Constitution
of India with the passing of the 68th amendment Act, 2002. The
Act defines who is a child with disability and for the purposes of
the instant petition it is not in dispute that by virtue of sub-
section (ee) of Section 2 it would include a child with disability as
defined under the provisions of the Disability Act.
24. Sub-section (f) of the said Section also defines the
elementary education to mean education from 1st to 8th class. We
notice that the said Act is divided into VII chapters and Chapter I
(Section 1 & 2) deals with the definition clause, which we have
already dealt with; Chapter II (Section 3 to 5) deals with the
Page 46 of 61
rights of children for free and compulsory education; Chapter III
(Section 6 to 11) deals with the duties of appropriate
government, local authority and parents; Chapter IV (Section 12
to 28) deals with the responsibility of schools and teachers;
Chapter V (Section 29 & 30) deals with the curriculum and
completion of elementary education; Chapter VI (Section 31 to
34) deals with the protection of right of children; and Chapter VII
(Section 35 to 39) deals with miscellaneous provisions.
25. Section 2 of Chapter I defines as to who is a child with
disability. Child with disability under sub-section (ee) of Section 2
would include a child with disability as defined under the
provisions of the Disability Act.
26. For the purposes of the instant petition we are
concerned only with Section 23 of Chapter IV. The said section
reads as under:
―23. Qualifications for appointment and terms and conditions of
service of teachers.--(1) Any person possessing such minimum
qualifications, as laid down by an academic authority,
authorised by the Central Government, by notification, shall be
eligible for appointment as a teacher. (2) Where a State does
not have adequate institutions offering courses or training in
teacher education, or teachers possessing minimum
qualifications as laid down under sub-section (1) are not
available in sufficient numbers, the Central Government may, if
it deems necessary, by notification, relax the minimum
qualifications required for appointment as a teacher, for such
period, not exceeding five years, as may be specified in that
notification: Provided that a teacher who, at the commencement
of this Act, does not possess minimum qualifications as laid
down under sub-section (1), shall acquire such minimum
qualifications within a period of five years: 3 [Provided further
that every teacher appointed or in position as on the 31st
March, 2015, who does not possess minimum qualifications as
laid down under sub-section (1), shall acquire such minimum
qualifications within a period of four years from the date of
commencement of the Right of Children to Free and
Compulsory Education (Amendment) Act, 2017 (24 of 2017).] (3)
The salary and allowances payable to, and the terms and
conditions of service of, teachers shall be such as may be
prescribed.‖
(emphasis supplied)
Page 47 of 61
27. Significantly, not everyone and anyone is eligible and
entitled to impart education to a child defined under the said Act.
This Act does not define as to who can be and is a teacher. Nor
does it prescribe any eligibility criteria. Though it prescribes the
pupil teacher ratio and the manner in which the schools are
required to be managed through committees and formation of
school development plan. The Act also by virtue of Section 26
provides that the appropriate government and the local
authorities are under an obligation to ensure that under no
circumstances vacancy of the teacher in a school exceeds by
10% of the total sanctioned strength.
28. The Central Government by virtue of its power under
Section 23 has notified NCTE as the authority to prescribe the
eligibility criteria for appointment of a teacher. The criteria so
prescribed is similar to the one prescribed by the State in the
rules, subject matter of challenge in the present petition. To put
it conversely, the rules stand framed only to meet the
requirement of eligibility so prescribed by the said authority.
29. Coming to the provisions of the Disabilities Act, one
notices that originally the central government had notified the
Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection and Full
Participation) Act, 1995 which stood subsequently repealed in
terms of the Disability Act. When the latter was notified on 27th
December,2016, the legislators in their wisdom specified the
object and purposes for enacting the said legislation and some of
them being (i) respect for inherent dignity, individual autonomy
including the freedom to make one‟s own choices, and
Page 48 of 61
independence of persons; (ii) full and effective participation and
inclusion in society; (iii) equality of opportunity; and (iv) respect
for the evolving capacities of children with disabilities and respect
for the right of children with disabilities to preserve their
identities. This was so done in view of the national commitment
made at the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons
with Disabilities.
30. We notice that the Disability Act is divided into XVII
chapters. Chapter I (Section 1 & 2) deals with the definition
clause. It defines who is a person with disability (Section 2(s)),
local authority (Section 2(p)) and inclusive education (Section
2(m)). Since much emphasis is laid, we reproduce as to how
local authority is defined. It reads as under:
―2(p) ―local authority‖ means a Municipality or a Panchayat, as
defined in clause (e) and clause (f) of article 243P of the
Constitution; a Cantonment Board constituted under the
Cantonments Act, 2006 (41 of 2006); and any other authority
established under an Act of Parliament or a State Legislature to
administer the civic affairs‖
31. Chapter III casts a duty upon the appropriate
government and local authorities for endeavouring that all
educational institutions funded or recognised by them provide
inclusive education to the children with disabilities and more
specifically, (a) with regard to admission without discrimination;
(b) make accessible all facilities in the campus; and (c) provide
necessary support in making the environment conducive for
maximizing academic and social development consistent with the
goal of full inclusion.
Page 49 of 61
32. By virtue of Section 17 there is an obligation to
establish adequate number of teacher training institutions for
training professionals and deploying fully trained teachers. In
fact, education is stated to be a continuing process. Section 20 of
the said Chapter does deal with non discrimination in
employment but then this is with regard with persons with
disability.
33. Section 31 of Chapter VI provides for free education
for children with benchmark disabilities. It reads as under:
―31. Free education for children with benchmark disabilities. -
(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Rights of
Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 (35 of
2009), every child with benchmark disability between the age of
six to eighteen years shall have the right to free education in a
neighbourhood school, or in a special school, of his choice.
(2) The appropriate Government and local authorities shall
ensure that every child with benchmark disability has access to
free education in an appropriate environment till he attains the
age of eighteen years.‖
34. The Rehabilitation Act was enacted to provide for
regulating the monitoring of training of rehabilitation
professionals and personnel, promoting research in rehabilitation
and special education and also maintenance of Central
Rehabilitation Register and for matters connected therewith or
incidental thereto. The said Act is divided into three chapters.
Chapter II deals with the constitution and incorporation of
Rehabilitation Council. Chapter III deals with the functions to be
discharged by the Council. Since much emphasis is laid on the
provisions of this Statute, we reproduce the relevant Section as
under:
―13. Rights of persons possessing qualifications included in
the Schedule to be enrolled.-
Page 50 of 61
Subject to the other provisions contained in this Act, any
qualification included in the Schedule shall be sufficient
qualification for enrolment on the Register. (2) No person, other
than the rehabilitation professional who possesses a
recognised rehabilitation qualification and is enrolled on the
Register,-- (a) shall hold office as rehabilitation professional or
any such office (by whatever designation called) in Government
or in any institution maintained by a local or other authority; (b)
shall practice as rehabilitation professional anywhere in India;
(c) shall be entitled to sign or authenticate any certificate
required by any law to be signed or authenticated by a
rehabilitation professional; (d) shall be entitled to give any
evidence in any court as an expert under section 45 of the
Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (1 of 1872) on any matter relating to
the handicapped: Provided that if a person possesses the
recognised rehabilitation professional qualifications on the date
of commencement of this Act, he shall be deemed to be an
enrolled rehabilitation professional for a period of six months
from such commencement, and if he has made an application
for enrolment on the Register within said period of six months,
till such application is disposed of. 1 [(2A) Notwithstanding
anything contained in sub-section (2), any person being a
doctor or a paramedic in the field of physical medicine and
rehabilitation, orthopaedics, ear, nose or throat (ENT),
ophthalmology or psychiatry, employed or working in any
hospital or establishment owned or controlled by the Central
Government or a State Government or any other body funded
by the Central or a State Government and notified by the
Central Government, may discharge the functions referred to in
clauses (a) to (d) of that sub-section.] (3) Any person who acts
in contravention of any provision of sub-section (2) shall be
punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to
one year, or with fine which may extend to one thousand
rupees, or with both.
35. The relevance of the statute being the MoU signed
between the NCTE (the authority notified under Section 23 of the
Education Act) and the Council incorporated under the
Rehabilitation Act. Otherwise, at this juncture we may only clarify
that the provisions of the statute have no relevancy to the issue
with which we are concerned.
36. We notice that none of the aforesaid Acts deal with
the rights of the employees of the State or the teachers who are
to impart education to children covered under any one of the
statutes. The intent, purpose and scope of all the statutes is to
meet the constitutional goal necessary for nation building.
Children up to a particular age, whether fully abled or not, must
be imparted education through specially qualified teachers. The
Central Government, as we notice has already appointed a
Page 51 of 61
centralized specialized authority for prescribing the criteria of
eligibility and the State Government only in pursuit of such
obligation and requirement of law has brought in necessary state
legislation prescribing the eligibility criteria for its employees,
meant to impart education to the children.
37. Simply because the petitioners fulfill the eligibility
criteria required under the Disability Act or for that matter the
Rehabilitation Act, ipso facto would not make the rules to be in
any manner arbitrary. The children to whom the petitioners are
imparting education in all the schools of Tripura, these are not
special schools meant for special children. It could not be shown
as to how the criteria prescribed under the Education Act are
ultra vires to any one of the provisions of the Disability Act or
Rehabilitation Act. We notice that the criterion of graduation of
one year B.Ed (Special Education) was prescribed by the NCTE is
only up to Class-VIII. This, in our considered view, would not
make the criteria prescribed for the higher classes to be
discriminatory, for the focus in the said classes has to be on
studies as by this time the cast of the child‟s body and mind
already stands laid.
38. We have ourselves researched, minutely examined
and found several decisions of the Apex Court, explaining as to
what really is the meaning of "equality before law", what are the
grounds on which a legislation, primary or delegated, can be
assailed; what are the constraints of the Court in holding the
same to be ultra vires and what is the approach which the Court
must adopt in examining its constitutional validity.
Page 52 of 61
39. To our mind, principle stands best culled out by the
Apex Court in Subramaniam Swamy v. Director, Central
Bureau of Investigation and another, (2014) 8 SCC 682
(five-Judge Bench) and Shayra Bano v. Union of India,
(2017) 9 SCC 1.
40. Lest we mis-read the same, we deem it appropriate
to reproduce the relevant portion of what the Apex Court
observed in Subramaniam (supra):
―41. In Ram Krishna Dalmia v Justice SR Tendolkar & Ors, 1959
SCR 279, the Constitution Bench of five Judges further culled
out the following principles enunciated in the above cases:
"11. ... (a) that a law may be constitutional even though
it relates to a single individual if, on account of some
special circumstances or reasons applicable to him and
not applicable to others, that single individual may be
treated as a class by himself;
(b) that there is always a presumption in favour of the
constitutionality of an enactment and the burden is
upon him who attacks it to show that there has been a
clear transgression of the constitutional principles;
(c) that it must be presumed that the legislature
understands and correctly appreciates the need of its
own people, that its laws are directed to problems made
manifest by experience and that its discriminations are
based on adequate grounds;
(d) that the legislature is free to recognize degrees of
harm and may confine its restrictions to those cases
where the need is deemed to be the clearest;
(e) that in order to sustain the presumption of
constitutionality the court may take into consideration
matters of common knowledge, matters of common
report, the history of the times and may assume every
state of facts which can be conceived existing at the
time of legislation; and
(f) that while good faith and knowledge of the existing
conditions on the part of a legislature are to be
presumed, if there is nothing on the face of the law or
the surrounding circumstances brought to the notice of
the court on which the classification may reasonably be
regarded as based, the presumption of constitutionality
cannot be carried to the extent of always holding that
there must be some undisclosed and unknown reasons
for subjecting certain individuals or corporations to
hostile or discriminating legislation."
Further:
―43. ..................
"12. ....... In determining the validity or otherwise of
such a statute the court has to examine whether such
classification is or can be reasonably regarded as based
upon some differentia which distinguishes such
Page 53 of 61
persons or things grouped together from those left out
of the group and whether such differentia has a
reasonable relation to the object sought to be achieved
by the statute, no matter whether the provisions of the
statute are intended to apply only to a particular person
or thing or only to a certain class of persons or things.
Where the court finds that the classification satisfies the
tests, the court will uphold the validity of the law.
(ii) A statute may direct its provisions against one
individual person or thing or to several individual
persons or things but no reasonable basis of
classification may appear on the face of it or be
deducible from the surrounding circumstances, or
matters of common knowledge. In such a case the court
will strike down the law as an instance of naked
discrimination.‖
44. In Nagpur Improvement Trust and Anr. v Vithal Rao and Ors,
(1973) 1 SCC 500, the five-Judge Constitution Bench had an
occasion to consider the test of reasonableness under Article
14 of the Constitution. It noted that the State can make a
reasonable classification for the purpose of legislation and that
the classification in order to be reasonable must satisfy two
tests: (i) the classification must be founded on intelligible
differentia and (ii) the differentia must have a rational relation
with the object sought to be achieved by the legislation in
question. The Court emphasized that in this regard object itself
should be lawful and it cannot be discriminatory. If the object is
to discriminate against one section of the minority, the
discrimination cannot be justified on the ground that there is a
reasonable classification because it has rational relation to the
object sought to be achieved.
45. The constitutionality of Special Courts Bill, 1978 came up
for consideration in Special Courts Bill, 1978, In Re: President
of India v. The Special Courts Bill, 1978, (1979) 1 SCC 380 as the
President of India made a reference to this Court under Article
143(1) of the Constitution for consideration of the question
whether the "Special Courts Bill" or any of its provisions, if
enacted would be constitutionally invalid. The seven Judge
Constitution Bench dealt with the scope of Article 14 of the
Constitution. Noticing the earlier decisions of this Court in
Budhan Choudhry v. State of Bihar, AIR 1955 SC 191, Ram
Krishna Dalmia v. S.R. Tendolkar, AIR 1958 SC 538, CI Emden v
State of U.P., 1960 2 SCR 592, Kangsari Haldar & Anr v State of
West Bengal, 1960 2 SCR 646, Jyoti Pershad v. UT of Delhi, AIR
1961 SC 457 and State of Gujarat & Anr. v Shri Ambica Mills Ltd,
Ahmedabad & Anr, (1974) 3 SCR 760, in the majority judgment
the then Chief Justice Y.V. Chandrachud, inter alia, exposited
the following propositions relating to Article 14:
"(1) * * *
(2) The State, in the exercise of its governmental power,
has of necessity to make laws operating differently on
different groups or classes of persons within its
territory to attain particular ends in giving effect to its
policies, and it must possess for that purpose large
powers of distinguishing and classifying persons or
things to be subjected to such laws.
(3) * * *
(4) * * *
(5) By the process of classification, the State has the
power of determining who should be regarded as a
class for purposes of legislation and in relation to a law
enacted on a particular subject. This power, no doubt, in
some degree is likely to produce some inequality; but if
a law deals with theliberties of a number of well- defined
classes, it is not open to the charge of denial of equal
protection on the ground that it has no application to
other persons. Classification thus means segregation in
Page 54 of 61
classes which have a systematic relation, usually found
in common properties and characteristics. It postulates
a rational basis and does not mean herding together of
certain persons and classes arbitrarily.
(6) The law can make and set apart the classes
according to the needs and exigencies of the society
and as suggested by experience. It can recognise even
degree of evil, but the classification should never be
arbitrary, artificial or evasive.
(7) The classification must not be arbitrary but must be
rational, that is to say, it must not only be based on
some qualities or characteristics which are to be found
in all the persons grouped together and not in others
who are left out but those qualities or characteristics
must have a reasonable relation to the object of the
legislation. In order to pass the test, two conditions
must be fulfilled, namely, (1) that the classification must
be founded on an intelligible differentia which
distinguishes those that are grouped together from
others and (2) that that differentia must have a rational
relation to the object sought to be achieved by the Act.‖
41. What is "arbitrary" also stands explained by the Apex
Court in Mrs. Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India & another,
(1978) 1 SCC 248, where it held that:
―7. Now, the question immediately arises as to what is the
requirement of Article 14 : what is the content and reach of the
great equalising principle enunciated in this article ? There can
be no doubt that it is a founding faith of the Constitution. It is
indeed the pillar on which rests securely the foundation of our
democratic republic. And, therefore, it must not be subjected to
a narrow, pedantic or lexicographic approach. No attempt
should be made to truncate its all embracing scope and
meaning for, to do so would be to violate its activist magnitude.
Equality is a dynamic concept with many aspects and
dimensions and it cannot be imprisoned within traditional and
doctrinaire limits. We must reiterate here what was pointed out
by the majority in E. P. Royappa v. State of Tamil Nadu &
Another,1974 2 SCR 348 namely, that "from a positivistic point
of view, equality is antithetic to arbitrariness. In fact equality
and arbitrariness are sworn enemies; one belongs to the rule of
law in a republic, while the other, to the whim and caprice of an
absolute monarch. Where an act is arbitrary, it is implicit in it
that it is unequal both according to political logic and
constitutional law and is therefore violative of Article 14".
........‖
(Emphasis supplied)
42. A Constitution Bench of the Apex Court in State of
Gujarat v. Mirzapur Moti Kureshi Kassab Jamat & others,
(2005) 8 SCC 534 (seven-Judge Bench), held:
―40. In State of Kerala v. N. M. Thomas, (1976) 2 SCC 310, also a
seven-Judge bench of this Court culled out and summarized
the ratio of this Court in Kesavananda bharati. Fazal Ali, J.
extracted and set out the relevant extract from the opinion of several Judges in Kesavananda Bharati and then opined:
Page 55 of 61"164. In view of the principles adumbrated by this court it is clear that the directive principles form the fundamental feature and the social conscience of the Constitution and the Constitution enjoins upon the State to implement these directive principles. The directives thus provide the policy, the guidelines and the end of socio-economic freedom and Articles 14 and 16 are the means to implement the policy to achieve the ends sought to be promoted by the directive principles. So far as the courts are concerned where there is no apparent inconsistency between the directive principles contained in Part IV and the fundamental rights mentioned in Part III, which in fact supplement each other, there is no difficulty in putting a harmonious construction which advances the object of the Constitution. Once this basic fact is keptin mind, the interpretation of Articles 14 and 16 and their scope and ambit become as clear as day."
41. ... A restriction placed on any Fundamental right, aimed at securing Directive Principles will be held as reasonable and hence intra vires subject to two limitations: first, that it does not run in clear conflict with the fundamental right, and secondly that it has been enacted within the legislative competence of the enacting legislature under Part xi Chapter I of the Constitution.‖ (Emphasis supplied)
43. In Shayra Bano (supra), the Apex Court held:
―87. The thread of reasonableness runs through the entire fundamental rights Chapter. What is manifestly arbitrary is obviously unreasonable and being contrary to the rule of law, would violate Article 14. Further, there is an apparent contradiction in the three Judges' Bench decision in State of A.P. v. McDowell and Co., (1996) 3 SCC 709, when it is said that a constitutional challenge can succeed on the ground that a law is ―disproportionate, excessive or unreasonable‖, yet such challenge would fail on the very ground of the law being ―unreasonable, unnecessary or unwarranted‖. The arbitrariness doctrine when applied to legislation obviously would not involve the latter challenge but would only involve a law being disproportionate, excessive or otherwise being manifestly unreasonable. All the aforesaid grounds, therefore, do not seek to differentiate between State action in its various forms, all of which are interdicted if they fall foul of the fundamental rights guaranteed to persons and citizens in Part III of the Constitution.‖ ―99. However, in State of Bihar v. Bihar Distillery Ltd., (1997) 2 SCC 453 at paragraph 22, in State of M.P. v. Rakesh Kohli, (2012) 6 SCC 312 at paragraphs 17 to 19, in Rajbala v. State of Haryana & Ors., (2016) 2 SCC 445 at paragraphs 53 to 65 and Binoy Viswam v. Union of India, (2017) 7 SCC 59 at paragraphs 80 to 82, McDowell (supra) was read as being an absolute bar to the use of ―arbitrariness‖ as a tool to strike down legislation under Article 14. As has been noted by us earlier in this judgment, Mcdowell (supra) itself is per incuriam, not having noticed several judgments of Benches of equal or higher strength, its reasoning even otherwise being flawed. The judgments, following McDowell (supra) are, therefore, no longer good law.‖
100. ..............
44. Also, in Sharma Transport v. State of A.P. [(2002) 2 SCC 188], this Court held: (SCCpp. 203-04, para 25) ―25. ... The tests of arbitrary action applicable to executive action do not necessarily apply to delegated legislation. In order to strike down a delegated legislation as arbitrary it has to be established that there is manifest Page 56 of 61 arbitrariness. In order to be described as arbitrary, it must be shown that it was not reasonable and manifestly arbitrary. The expression ―arbitrarily‖ means:
in an unreasonable manner, as fixed or done capriciously or at pleasure, without adequate determining principle, not founded in the nature of things, non-rational, not done or acting according to reason or judgment, depending on the will alone.‖ (at pages 736-737)
101. It will be noticed that a Constitution Bench of this Court in Indian Express Newspapers v. Union of India, (1985) 1 SCC 641, stated that it was settled law that subordinate legislation can be challenged on any of the grounds available for challenge against plenary legislation. This being the case, there is no rational distinction between the two types of legislation when it comes to this ground of challenge under Article 14. The test of manifest arbitrariness, therefore, as laid down in the aforesaid judgments would apply to invalidate legislation as well as subordinate legislation under Article 14. Manifest arbitrariness, therefore, must be something done by the legislature capriciously, irrationally and/or without adequate determining principle. Also, when something is done which is excessive and disproportionate, such 391 legislation would be manifestly arbitrary. We are, therefore, of the view that arbitrariness in the sense of manifest arbitrariness as pointed out by us above would apply to negate legislation as well under Article 14.‖ (Emphasis supplied)
44. Article 14 is not meant to perpetuate illegality or fraud. It has a positive concept. Equality is a trite, which cannot be claimed in illegality and therefore, cannot be enforced by a citizen or Court in a negative manner. [Fuljit Kaur v. State of Punjab and others, (2010) 11 SCC 455)].
45. The directions contained in Justice Sunanda Bhandare Foundation (supra) are only for proper implementation of the provisions of the Education Act. Whether the State Government, of its own gave appointment to certain persons/petitioners is for the State to see, for there cannot be any illegal appointment. But petitioners were put to notice of the pendency of the present petition and that such appointment was subject to the outcome of the same.
46. Before us, it is not disputed that otherwise the writ petitioners did not fulfill the eligibility criteria inasmuch as they Page 57 of 61 did not have a degree of Bachelor of Education (B.Ed) from an institute recognised by the NCTE. Simply because now one such course stands introduced by a private university in Tripura and the petitioners can undertake and acquire such degree in the next two years would not confer any right to be continued in employment, for what is required to be seen is as to whether an employee was eligible as on the date on which the application for filling up of the posts stood invited.
47. We are in agreement with the submission made by Sri Sinha, learned counsel appearing for the NCTE, that in the court, RCI has taken a diametrically opposite stand. In our considered view, degree of B.Ed is required. In fact, it is a must for that alone would enhance the standard of education in schools. It may be true that the petitioners may have acquired education/training in a specialized field, i.e. how to deal with children with disability, but then that itself would not help in achieving the aims and objects prescribed under the Education Act.
48. We are in agreement with Sri Sinha, that mere incorrect information with regard to the prescription of eligibility criteria, so forwarded under RTI, would not confer any right on the writ petitioners for being engaged as teachers. They are educated, they applied with open eyes, knowing fully well the eligibility criteria: then how can they base this case on information forwarded which is ex-facie incorrect. Page 58 of 61
49. Notification dated 27th May, 2017 clarified that the Government of Tripura was desirous of selecting candidates for the post of Graduate teachers for class IX and X under the Secondary Education Directorate. It made clear the minimum essential qualification in the following terms:
―Essential Minimum Qualification:
(a) Graduate/Post Graduate for recognized University with at least 50% marks in either Graduation or Post Graduation (or its equivalent) and Bachelor of Education (B.Ed) from national Council for Teacher Education recognised institution.
OR
(b) Graduate/Post Graduate from recognized University with at least 45% marks in either Graduation or Post Graduation (or its equivalent) and Bachelor of Education (B.Ed) from national Council for Teacher Education recognised institution {in accordance with the National Council for Teacher Education (Form of application for recognition, the time limit for submission of application, determination of norms and standards for recognition of teacher education programmes and permission to start new course or training) Regulations, 2002 notified on 13.11.2002 and National Council for Teacher Education (Recognition Norms and Procedure) Regulations, 2007 notified on 10.12.2007.} OR
(c) 4-years degree of B.A.Ed/B.Sc.Ed from national Council for Teacher Education recognised institution.
N.B.: Relaxation up to 5% in the qualifying marks will be allowed to the candidates belonging to SC/ST/PH Category.‖ (emphasis supplied)
50. Significantly, the area of selections stand extended to such of those persons who have acquired higher qualification but what is important is that all the candidates must have had some formal education in the field of education. Even under the provision of equivalence so stipulated therein, petitioners‟ education fulfilling the eligibility criteria does not match with that of the criteria required under the Education Act.
51. We notice that even in their notification dated 29 th July, 2011 so issued by the NCTE prescribing the qualification for Page 59 of 61 class-I to VIII, such of those persons who have acquired their degree in B.Ed (Special Education) are required to undergo special programme from an NCTE recognised institute in elementary education for a period of six months.
52. Before us, NCTE has filed an affidavit categorically stating that B.Ed (Special Education) is not an eligibility criterion for appointment of a teacher in Senior and Senior Secondary classes. Further, Rehabilitation Council has been taking a contradictory stand which fact is evident from para 14 of the affidavit, which reads as under:
―14. That with reference to the statements made in para 18 & 19 of the writ petition, the answering deponent begs to state that taking reference to the earlier RTI reply dated 1-4-2017 given by the Public Information Officer (PIO), NCTE, Regional Office, Bhubaneswar, it was wrongly answered to the query no. 1 by replying that "the B.Ed. degree approved either by NCTE and RCI is considered to be equivalent to each other" (Annexure-11 of the writ petition). The same was subsequently clarified by a letter dated 6-11-2017 issued by the Under Secretary (Legal), NCTE, Head Office, New Delhi, to the Regional Director, Eastern Regional Committee that ".......the NCTE notification dated 23-8- 2010, 29-7-2011 & 12-11-2014 does not speak about the equivalency of B.Ed. with B.Ed.(Special Education) to teach classes IX-X & XI-XII". Moreover, the answer deponent further begs to state that the Rehabilitation council of India (RCI) in WP(C) NO. 520/2017 being respondent No.4 specifically admitted the fact in the counter affidavit in para 5 that B.Ed. Spl Education is not an eligible qualification for PGT and GT.
Copy of the letter dated 6-11-2017 issued by the Under Secretary (Legal), NCTE, to the Regional Director, Eastern Regional Committee, is annexed herewith as Annexure-B.‖
53. Simply because certain States, on the basis of equivalence, have held B.Ed (Special Education) equivalent to that of B.Ed. degree in General Education, would not confer any right upon the petitioners. Nor would the decision of the NCTE to consider the same with future effect confer any right for what is to be seen is the eligibility of the candidates as on the date when the advertisement was issued.Page 60 of 61
54. There is yet another reason for not interfering in the present petition and that being the petitioners having participated in the selection process, whereafter only, upon being selected, they filed the instant petitions.
55. This Court in Tanmay Nath & Ors. Vs. State of Tripura & Ors., reported in (2014) 2 TLR 731 has already deprecated the practice of giving employment to ineligible candidates. Perhaps, it is pursuant to the directions issued in the said decision that the State, with caution, decided to fill up the posts in accordance with the rules and this Court cannot take any decision contrary to the settled principles of law, only to appease the writ petitioners, more so, only on the ground that they have been working for some time. Well this they have been doing at their own peril.
56. We reiterate that mere higher qualification would not be a reason to allow the petitioners to continue for the same is with a different object and purpose not sought to be achieved in terms of the present legislation.
57. Further, what is required to be seen are the conditions prescribed at the time of issuance of the advertisement and not the subsequent decision, if any, taken by the government, modifying the conditions which the petitioners fulfill. Well that is for future and not for the past.
58. The decision in Social Jurist (supra) is also of no consequence for it only highlights the need for taking all Page 61 of 61 measures ensuring full education, in a holistic manner, of all children.
59. Having observed thus, the present writ petitions being devoid of merit, stand dismissed.
60. Interim order, if any, stands vacated.
(ARINDAM LODH), J (SANJAY KAROL), CJ. lodh