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State of Tamilnadu - Section

Section 5 in Tamil Nadu Electricity Regulatory Commission Tamil Nadu Electricity Distribution Code

5. Distribution Planning Framework.

(1)The main areas, which require a careful network planning, and analysis:
(a)Networking extension planning - newly built networks or extension of already existing network or configuration of the existing network to meet the changed load or feeder situation or operational existence.
(b)Network component design
(c)Providing solutions for operational problems like low voltage, inadequate short circuit withstand capability, power swings and protection selectivity errors.
(2)Networks are generally extended over several stages. The operational conditions are then simulated for this future load forecast. This step will facilitate the fulfilling of all the operational conditions after Commissioning of the new extension stage. A careful network analysis provides the decision aids for selecting the most reliable and cost effective solution from among several configurations. To dimension the individual components like transformer, cables and switchgear and to provide an optimal solution for the total system, an extensive analysis of the network is often necessary.The system-planning wing:
(a)examines the operational behavior of electrical systems both in normal operation and under fault condition
(b)proposes remedial measures, if the operational conditions do not conform to the requirements for quality supply.
(c)promotes the development of components by examining operational conditions and equipment requirements,
(d)advises in system configuration, system structuring and component design questions and,
(e)plans the extension of already existing systems as well as the new construction of supply systems within the framework of the total system.
(3)Intensive sessions are required to be held to clarify the task situation and it may be processed in direct contact with the [direct customer as defined in clause (e) of regulation 2 of the Tamil Nadu Electricity Regulatory Commission - Intra State Open Access Regulations 2005] [Substituted for the expression 'High Voltage level' as per Commission's Notification No. TNERC/DC/8-8dated 8.2.2008 (w.e.f 27.2.2008).].Distribution network are cost intensive and hence they require long term planning. The location and nature of the connected loads on the quality and reliability of the power requirement determine the structure of the distribution network.
(4)The system planning is also necessary in the cases that include
(a)Network modernization and upgrading.
(b)Changes in operational and protection philosophy or neutral grounding.
The tasks, problems and activities related to Network Expansion planning, component design and operational problems are brought out as follows.
Sl.No. Describition Tasks & problems Activities
1 Expansion planning Local increase New transformer, substationsIntegration of peripheral -Networks Cable relaying Modernizationof substations Network coupling Power station extension *[upgradingthe voltage level] Network ocumentation Graphic InformationSystem Network calculation forload flowandshort-circuit. Dynamic network Calculation.
2 Component design Circuit-breaker stress cable cross sectionTransformer size Neutral earthing resistor Stability Fault analysis Relay coordinationstudies
3 Operational problems Substation faults Voltage quality HarmonicsEarthing problems Motor starting Power swings Frequency ofoccurrence of faults Fault tripping Harmonics analysis Harmonics filter designEarthing measurement Network configuration Substation designEconomic analysis Relay selection **[provision of effectiveearthing' Insulation coordination
* Substituted for the clause "Define the task" as per Commission's Notification No. TNERC/DC/S-8** Substituted for the expression "Handling of Neutral point" as per Commission's Notification No.TNERC/DC/8-8 dated 8.2.2008 (w.e.f. 27.2.2008)
(5)Stages involved in network expansion planning
(a)Defining the task
(b)[Commencing] [Substituted for the expression 'Commence' as per Commission's Notification No. TNERC/DC/8-8 dated 8.2.2008 (w.e.f. 27.2.2008).] the planning task which consists of:
(i)Recording of the status of the existing distribution network and analysis of its operational situation
(ii)Load forecast and analysis - Compilation of data on the characteristic features of the loads that will be incident in the near future and that of the existing loads;
(iii)Estimation of load development
(iv)Examination of the alternative options
(v)Checking the issues involved in the above options and also the feasibility of introducing a new transformer, enhancement of existing transformer capacity etc.
(vi)Establishment of site location and new substation design.
(vii)Modification / Redesign of sub-transmission and distribution networks and its protective arrangement including protective relay setting and coordination.
(viii)Study on alternatives for least cost investment.
(ix)Assessment of operational advantages and disadvantages and anticipated supply reliability levels of various options
(x)Investment planning
(xi)Procurement of the required network components.