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State of Tamilnadu- Act

The Various Bye-Laws of Chennai City Municipal Corporation issued under Section 349

TAMILNADU
India

The Various Bye-Laws of Chennai City Municipal Corporation issued under Section 349

Rule THE-VARIOUS-BYE-LAWS-OF-CHENNAI-CITY-MUNICIPAL-CORPORATION-ISSUED-UNDER-SECTION-349 of 1800

Published on 1 January 1800
Commenced on 1 January 1800
[This is the version of this document from 1 January 1800.]
[Note: The original publication document is not available and this content could not be verified.]

The Various Bye-Laws of Chennai City Municipal Corporation issued under Section 349Bye-laws under section 349(6) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 to provide for the construction and cleansing of cesspools

1.

No owner or occupier of any premises shall construct a cesspool -

(a)without the written permission of the Commissioner; or

(b)otherwise than in accordance with the provisions of the by-laws hereinafter contained.

2.

livery cesspool shall be constructed of good brick work in cement or of such other material as may be approved by the Commissioner and shall have a smooth impervious lining and a backing of at least 9 inches of well puddled clay around and beneath such brick work. The top of the walls of every cesspool shall be at least 6 inches above the surface of the ground.

3.

Every cesspool shall be closely covered and fitted with an air tight frame and cover or trap door, a gully trap being provided at the terminal of the house drain wherein enters the cesspool or at the commencement of the house drain where the drain is a covered or pipe drain.

4.

Every cesspool shall be ventilated by a cast iron or galvanized iron pipe not less than 3 inches in diameter. The ventilation pipe shall be protected at the top by a wire dome or mica flap opening outwards and shall be carried to a height of not less than 6 feet beyond the highest part of the eaves of any house within a distance of 30 feet therefrom.

5.

Every cesspool shall be of such dimensions as to hold at least twenty-four hours flow of the sullage or sewage of the premises drained thereby or shall be of such larger size as may be required by the Commissioner.

6.

No cesspool shall be situated within 20 feet of any well or 60 feet of any spring or stream of water from which water is drawn or likely to be drawn and used for drinking, domestic or manufacturing purposes.

7.

Every cesspool shall be constructed in such a manner and be situated in such a position as (a) to permit of easy access for purposes of cleansing, (b) to enable the contents thereof to be removed without being carried through any dwelling house or any building used or likely to be used for the manufacture, preparation or storage of articles of food or drink.

8.

No cesspool shall have by drain or otherwise any outlet into or means of communication with, any sewer unless an intercepting trap is placed between the cesspool and the sewer.

9.

Every cesspool shall be emptied and cleaned at least once in every twenty-four hours or more often if so required by the Commissioner.

10.

The owner or occupier of any premises to which a cesspool is attached shall not allow the contents of the cesspool to overflow or soak therefrom nor shall he permit the percolation of the contents thereof so as to pollute the water supply in the neighbourhood.Note. - The owner or occupier may enter into a contract with the Commissioner under section 197 for the removal of the contents of the cesspool by the Corporation agency.

11.

Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(a)with fine which may extend to fifty rupees and in the case of a continuing breach with fine which may extend to fifteen rupees for every day during which the breach continues after conviction for the first breach, or

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Bye-laws under section 349(6) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919, for the cleansing of latrines and water closets.

1. Every latrine shall be situated in such a position as to permit of easy access for the purposes of cleansing.

2. The owner or occupier of any premises to which a latrine is attached, shall cause it to be thoroughly cleansed as often as may be necessary, and, at least, once in every twenty-four hours. Where the latrine was an impervious floor or pavement, he shall provide a sufficient supply of water for the proper cleansing of such latrine.

3. (i) The owner or occupier of any premises to which a water closet is attached shall provide such water closet with a cistern o| adequate capacity for the purpose of flushing, and so constructed, fitted and placed as to admit of the proper supply of water for use, in such water closet.

(ii)He shall provide such water closet with a pan, basin or other receptacle of non-absorbent material and of such shape, capacity and mode of construction as to receive and contain a sufficient quantity of water and to allow all filth which may, from time to time, be deposited in such pan, basin or other receptacle, to fall free of the sides thereof and directly into the water received and contained in such pan, basin or other receptacle.

(iii)He shall provide such water closet with suitable apparatus for the effectual application of water to the pan, basin or other receptacle with which such apparatus may be connected and used for the effective flushing and cleansing of such pan, basin or other receptacle and for the prompt and effectual removal therefrom and from the trap connected therewith of any solid or liquid filth which may, from time to time, be deposited therein.

(iv)In the case of hand-flush water closets commonly called flush-out latrines, a vessel shall be kept in the closet and filled with water at all times and contents emptied into that pan as often as necessary.

4. The owner or occupier of any premises to which a latrine is attached shall not let or permit, or cause to be let, excreta or other offensive matter from such latrine into a public drain which is not intended for the conveyance of excreta or offensive matter.

5. The owner or occupier of any premises to which a latrine is attached shall, when required by the Commissioner, provide disinfectants and other accessories for the efficient cleansing of such latrine.

6. The owner or occupier of any premises to which a latrine is attached shall cause every drain, it means of drainage upon, or in connection with such latrine to be maintained at all times in good order and efficient action.

7. No person shall intentionally or negligently spill any filth in the removal thereof, or omit to sweep and clean carefully every place in which any such filth has been spilled or place or set down in any public place, any filth, whether in a vessel closed or open.

8. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(i)with a fine which may extend to fifty rupees and in case of a continuing breach with fine which may extend to fifteen rupees for everyday during which the breach continues after conviction for the first breach, or

(ii)with the fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues, after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Bye-laws under section 349 (11) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 for the regulation of hotels, lodging houses, boarding houses, choultries, rest houses, restaurants, emigration depots or any premises to which the public are admitted for repose in the City of Chennai.

1. No place within the municipal limits shall, unless it has been duly licensed by the Commissioner, be used by any person as a hotel, lodging house, boarding house, restaurant, choultry, rest house, emigration depot or a place to which the public are admitted for repose, or where they are received and. provided with sleeping accommodation, with or without food, on payment.

2.

(1)Application for such licence shall-

(a)be made to the Commissioner in such form as may be laid down by him, from time to time, at least twenty-one days before the premises are opened to the public, and

(b)be accompanied by a plan in duplicate showing the dimensions and the purpose or purposes for which each room and place in the premises is proposed to be used.

(2)The applicant shall also furnish such further or other particulars, as he may be required to do by the Health Officer or by the Commissioner.

3.

(1)The Commissioner shall refuse to grant the licence ii, in his opinion-

(a)the premises are unsuitable for the purpose specified in the application, or

(b)the applicant is not suitable person to be in charge thereof.

(2)In cases not falling under clause (1), the Commissioner may grant a licence subject to such conditions and restrictions (to be specified in the licence) as he may think fit.

4. Every licence issued under these by-laws shall expire at the end of the financial year for which it is granted unless for special reasons the Commissioner considers that it should expire at an earlier date.

5. Application for the renewal of a licence shall be made to the Commissioner not later than the 1st March of the year preceding that in respect of which the renewal is applied for and shall be in such form as may be laid down by the Commissioner, from time to time.

6. Where a licence is granted, it shall specify the maximum number of persons allowed in respect of the premises as a whole. One copy of the plan submitted with the application shall be returned to the applicant together with the licence and there shall be marked on such copy, the number of persons allowed for each room.

7. The Commissioner may, at any time after the grant of a licence, reduce the maximum number of lodgers specified therein if, in his opinion, the available space in the premises has, since such grant, been reduced or if the sanitary conditions thereof have since deteriorated. Where any such reduction is effected, the fact of such reduction shall be communicated to the licensee or his agent or other person, carrying on the business on behalf of the licensee and on receipt of such communication by the licensee, agent or other person the original licence shall be deemed to have been altered for the remaining period, as if, the reduced figures were substituted for the original figures. The licensee, agent, or other person aforesaid shall produce the licence and the plan annexed thereto to the Commissioner or other officer of the Corporation appointed by the Commissioner in this behalf and the reduced figures shall be substituted in the place of the original figures in the licence.

8. The Commissioner may, at his discretion, on application made by the licensee or his agent or other person carrying on the business on behalf of the licensee and on payment of the requisite fee, increase the maximum number of lodgers specified in the licence if, in the opinion of the Commissioner, the available space in the premises has, since the grant of the licence, been increased or if, the sanitary conditions of the premises have since been improved. Where any such increase is sanctioned, the fact of such increase shall be communicated to the applicant who shall thereupon produce the original licence and the plan annexed thereto, to the Commissioner or other officer of the Corporation appointed by the Commissioner in this behalf and the figures shall then be substituted in the place of the original figures in the licence.

9. The licensee shall not, at any time, receive or allow to be received into the licensed premises or into any room or part thereof, a greater number of persons than the number specified in the licence and in the plan annexed thereto.

10. Premises used for any of the purposes mentioned in by-law 1 shall be constructed of masonary or of such other durable materials as may be approved by the Commissioner and no part thereof shall be constructed of inflammable materials.

11. Every part of the flooring of the licensed premises shall be paved or otherwise made impervious and drained to the satisfaction of the Commissioner, and such flooring shall, at all times, be kept in good order and repair.

12. The licensee shall provide suitable means of ventilation and lighting upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

13. He shall cause every drain or means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises to be maintained at all times in good order and efficient action.

14. He shall, when such premises are intended for the use of both sexes, provide and maintain separate and suitable sleeping accommodation for the use of persons of either sex.

15. He shall provide in such premises latrines and water closets in such position and of such description, size and number as the Commissioner may, from time to time, direct for the separate use of persons of each sex.;

16. He shall cause the seat, floor and walls of every water closet and latrine in such premises to be thoroughly cleansed, from time to time, and as often as may be necessary for the purpose of keeping such seat, floor and walls in a clean and wholesome condition.

17. He shall cause every part of the structure of every latrine and water closet in such premises to be maintained, at all times, in good order and every part of the apparatus of such latrine or water closet and every drain or means of drainage leading therefrom to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

18. He shall -

(a)provide in such premises a sufficient and good supply of wholesome water, and

(b)cause such premises to be thoroughly swept, washed and cleansed at least once in every 24 hours at such hours-as may, from time to time, be fixed by the Health Officer or Assistant Health Officer and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein except in the covered receptacles referred to in bylaw 22.

19. He shall cause every window of every room in such premises which may be apportioned for use and occupation as a sleeping apartment to be opened and to be kept fully open for one hour at least in the forenoon and one hour at least in the afternoon of every day except when the state of the weather is such as to render it necessary that the window should be closed or when any bed in such room may be occupied by any lodger in consequence of sickness or for other sufficient cause.

20. He shall provide the rooms, if any, used for the preparation of articles of food and drink with suitable smoke outlets and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action and shall not, at any time, cause or suffer any room which may be appointed for use as a kitchen to be used or occupied as a sleeping apartment.

21. He shall provide in such premises suitable bathing places for the separate use of each sex using such premises.

22. He shall provide suitable air-tight non-absorbent covered receptacles in suitable place in such premises for the deposit of all filth or refuse and shall cause all such receptacles to be emptied twice at least every day before the hour of 7 in the forenoon and 2 in the afternoon or at such other hours as may, from time to time, be fixed by the Health Officer or Assistant Health Officer and shall once at least in every day cause vessel, utensil or other receptacle for such filth or refuse to be thoroughly cleansed.

23. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building in such premises to be hot lime washed to the satisfaction of the Health Officer or the Assistant Health Officer twice at least in every year in the months of April and October or more often, if so required by the Health Officer or Assistant Health Officer.

24. He shall make no material structural alterations in the premises without the previous sanction of the Commissioner.

25. The licensee shall not, at any time, permit or suffer any room in such premises to be occupied by a larger number of persons than that specified in the licence or than that which is arrived at by calculating at the rate of a superficial area of not less than 40 sq. feet and cubic space of not less than 400 cubic feet per person. Two children under ten years of age shall be counted as one adult for the purpose of this by-law.

26. He shall put up in each room in such premises, a board notifying the dimensions thereof and the maximum number of persons permitted to lodge therein.

27. The licensee shall, immediately on knowing that any person in such premises is suffering from any infectious, contagious or dangerous disease, adopt such precautions as may be necessary to prevent the spread of infection.

28. He shall give or cause to be given immediate notice to the Health Officer, Assistant Health Officer, the Divisional Sanitary Inspector, or the Medical Registrar of the occurrence of such disease in such premises, or whenever any person has been removed therefrom in consequence of his suffering from such disease, the address to which such patient is removed.

29. He shall not, at any time, while such person is suffering from such disease, cause or allow any other person except the wife or husband or any other relative of such person, voluntarily in attendance on him, to use or occupy the same room as the patient.

30. Where the Health Officer or Assistant Health Officer orders the removal of such person to a hospital or other place for the reception and treatment of such persons, the licensee or the person in-charge of such premises or having control thereof, on being informed of such order, shall forthwith take all such steps as may be requisite on his part to secure the safe and prompt removal of such person with the order of the Health Officer or Assistant Health Officer and shall adopt all such precautions in accordance with any instructions which he may receive from the Health Officer, Assistant Health Officer, or the Divisional Sanitary Inspector as may be most suitable in the circumstances of the case.

31. Where in consequence of the illness of such person, there may be reasonable grounds for apprehending the spread of infection through the admission of lodgers to any room or rooms in such premises or through the admission to such room or rooms of the maximum number of persons authorized to be received therein, the licensee after being furnished with the necessary instructions from the Health Officer or Assistant Health Officer and until the grounds for apprehending the spread of infection shall have been removed, shall cease to receive any person in such room or rooms, or shall receive therein such number of persons being less than the maximum number as the exigencies of the case may require.

32. The licensee shall, immediately after the death, removal or recovery of any person who may have been ill of any infectious, contagious or dangerous disease, give written notice to the Health Officer, Assistant Health Officer or the Divisional Sanitary Inspector or Medical Registrar, and shall, as soon as possible, cause every part of the room which may have been occupied by such person to be thoroughly disinfected and cleaned and shall also cause every article in such room which may be liable to retain infection to be in like manner disinfected and cleaned unless the Health Officer or the Assistant Health Officer shall have ordered the same to be destroyed.

33. He shall comply with all the instructions of the Health Officer or Assistant Health Officer as to the proper cleansing and disinfecting of the room and articles therein.

34. When the same shall have been thoroughly disinfected and cleaned in accordance with such instructions, he shall give written notice thereof to the Health Officer, Assistant Health Officer or to the Divisional Sanitary Inspector and .unless and until by such cleansing and disinfection, the necessary precautions for preventing the spread of disease shall have been duly taken and unless and until permitted by the Health Officer, the licensee shall not cause or suffer any person to be received into such room.

35. He shall give or cause to be given notice to the Health Officer or Assistant Health Officer, the Sanitary Inspector or the Medical Registrar on the occurrence of any birth, death or dangerous accidents in such premises.

36. He shall put up a signboard in English, Tamil, Telugu and Hindustani at the main entrance to the premises showing the purpose for which the premises are intended or used and indicating the number of the licence granted in respect thereof and also whether it is licensed for the reception of female visitors or lodgers.

37. He shall put up in a conspicuous place in such premises a copy of these by-laws and of any others relating to the regulation and control of such premises and shall not, at any time, conceal, deface, alter, obliterate or destroy any portion of the contents of such by-laws.

38. He shall keep in such premises a book in which lodgers may enter their remarks or note their complaints and such book shall be open to inspection by any officer of the Corporation.

39. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall-

(a)be received or allowed to be received in the premises or any portion thereof, or

(b)be permitted to enter or occupy the premises or any portion therein, or

(c)be employed in the business or assist in carrying on the same.

40. The licensee shall, when so required by the Health Officer or Assistant Health Officer, cause any employee engaged in such premises to be examined and a certificate to be produced of being free from disease or infection of any kind and fit to carry on or assist in the business. The certificate shall be given free of charge by the Corporation Medical Officers.

41. No cattle shall be kept or allowed to be kept within the licensed premises.

42. No person shall spit in or upon such premises, except in such receptacles or places as are provided for such purpose.

43. The licensee shall-

(a)reside in the premises or keep an agent approved.by the Commissioner resident therein;

(b)at all times of the day or night when required by the Commissioner, Health Officer, Assistant Health Officer, or by any person authorized, in writing, by the Commissioner in this behalf, give free access to premises and suffer inspection of the same or any part thereof and carry out within a reasonable time any written directions given by the inspecting officers of the Corporation; and

(c)maintain a register showing therein the number and names of visitors or lodgers, the rooms occupied, the period of occupation, the charges recovered from them, the full address of the place of destination and such other information as may, from time to time, be specified by the Commissioner.

The Commissioner may, if he considers such action necessary, revoke, suspend or cancel a licence on grounds of public health and safety or if any one or more of the conditions or restrictions of the licence or of any provision contained in these by-laws are infringed, irrespective of whether the offender has been prosecuted and convicted or not.

45. Whoever commits a breach of any of the by-laws 1 and 9 to 43, shall be punishable -

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Bye-laws under section 283(2) and 349(12) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919, to provide for regulating the mode of constructing stables, cattle sheds and cow houses and connecting them with municipal drains.

1. No person shall use any premises for stables, cattle sheds or cow houses within such distance of any human habitations as the Health Officer may specify.

2. The floor of such premises shall be at least one foot above the level of the adjoining ground.

3. No person shall use any premises for any of the purposes mentioned in bylaw 1, unless every building in such premises is constructed of masonary and timeless every part thereof is constructed of non-inflammable material.

4. Every such premises shall comply with the following further requirements:-

(a)It shall have an open space of not less than 10 feet in width at least on two sides within the boundary of such premises. It shall be open on two sides which may, however, be fitted with such weather boards and screens as may in each case be approved by the Health Officer.

(b)It shall have a wall of a height of not less than 6 feet in any portion thereof between the floor and the wall plate.

(i)for each horse not less than 9 feet by 6 feet; and

(ii)for each bullock, cow or buffalo not less than 9 feet by 4 feet.

Such space shall, in each case, be exclusive of the space occupied by any manner, or drain or by any carriage or cart kept in such premises.

5. The owner or occupier of any such premises shall cause the flooring of every building in such premises to be paved or otherwise made impervious. He shall cause such flooring to be grooved and sloped towards an impervious masonary drain which, in unsewered areas in the city, shall be shallow and discharge into a grit chamber and shall be connected with a public drain when so permitted by the Commissioner. In sewered areas, such drains shall be provided with suitable traps and connected with the sewers. Where there is no public drain or sewer, the drain from the premises shall discharge into a masonary cistern situated inside the yard. Such cistern shall be of such dimensions as to hold not less than twenty-four hours flow of waste water from such premises and shall be closely covered and fitted with an air tight frame and cover. Such cistern shall be completely emptied and cleansed at least once in every twenty-four hours and the waste water disposed of in such manner as may be approved of by the Health Officer.

6. He shall cause every open space in or upon such premises to be paved or metalled and drained to the satisfaction of the Commissioner.

7. He shall provide in such premises, if so required by the Commissioner, suitable latrine accommodation for persons employed in or using such premises.

8. He shall provide suitable covered, air-tight, non-absorbent receptacles for the deposit of all refuse matter and shall cause such receptacles to be emptied twice in every twenty-four hours into dust bins or municipal carts.

9. He shall provide a sufficient supply of wholesome water and shall maintain such number of troughs for watering animals as may be prescribed by the Health Officer, from time to time.

10. He shall, cause the said premises to be thoroughly cleansed at least twice in every twenty-four hours or more often, if necessary, and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

11. He shall give immediate notice to the Health Officer or the Divisional Sanitary Inspector, the occurrence of any infectious or dangerous disease among the animals in such premises, shall segregate or remove all sick animals to such place as the Health Officer may direct and shall not sell, or cause to be sold or use or cause to be used the milk of such animals for any purpose without the written permission of the Health Officer.

12. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Trade Control-Offensive Trades-GeneralBye-laws under section 349 (13) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919, to provide for the sanitary control and supervision of places used for any of the purposes specified in Schedule VI and of any trade or manufacture carried on therein.General Provisions

1. Every application to the Commissioner for a licence to use any premises for any of the purposes mentioned in Schedule VI to the Act,-

(i)shall be in writing,

(ii)shall state the use to which the premises are intended to be put, and

(iii)if so required by the Commissioner shall be accompanied by a plan of the premises. He shall also furnish such other details and information in respect of the said premises as may be called for by the Commissioner.

2. Every owner of any premises used for any of the said purposes, shall furnish to Commissioner, whenever required, a statement, in writing, containing the name of the person or if more than one, of each of t he persons occupying the said premises, or using the same, for any of the purposes aforesaid.

3. Every licensee shall, at all reasonable times, afford free access to every part of the premises to the Commissioner, Health Officer, Assistant Health Officer, Sanitary Inspector or such other officer of the Corporation as is specially appointed by the Commissioner for the purpose of inspecting the premises or any process connected with any trade or manufacture carried therein.

4. The licensee shall hang up in a prominent place in the premises, the licence issued by the Commissioner under section 287 to use the premises for any of the said purposes and also a copy of the by-laws relating thereto.

5. The licensee shall maintain in the premises an inspection book and make it available, at all times, to the inspecting officer during business hours.

6. The instructions given in the inspection book shall be carried out within the time specified therein, provided that such instruction are not in conflict with the provisions of the Act or the rules or by-laws made thereunder.

7. Whoever commits a breach of by-laws 2 to 6 shall be punishable-

(a)with fine which may extend to fifty rupees and in the case of continuing breach with fine which may extend to fifteen rupees for every day during which the breach continues after conviction for the first breach, or

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Food Control By-Laws Aerated Water Premises For Manufacturing Aerated Water

1. No person shall use any building for manufacturing aerated waters unless-

(a)it is constructed of masonary;

(b)every part thereof is constructed of non-inflammable material; and

(c)suitable accommodation is provided separately for (i) the cleansing of bottles, (ii) the filtration and storage of water, (ii) the charging, of bottles, (iv) the storage of all materials connected with such manufacture, and (v) the making and mixing of syrups.

2. Every person who has obtained from the Commissioner, a licence for the use of any premises as an aerated water factory, shall provide a sufficient and, good supply of water in such premises and shall cause such premises to be thoroughly cleansed at least twice in every twenty-four hours or more often, if necessary, and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

3. He shall cause the flooring of every building in such premises to be paved or otherwise made impervious and drained to the satisfaction of the Health Officer. Such flooring shall be kept, at all times; in good order and repair.

4. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation, and lighting upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

5. He shall provide suitable means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

6. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building upon such premises to be hot limewashed at least twice in every year in the months of April and October or more often if so required by the Health Officer.

7. He shall not use or permit or suffer any part of such premises to be used, at any time, for purposes of human habitation or for stabling animals.

8. He shall provide such latrine accommodation for persons employed in the factory as is approved by the Health Officer. Such latrine shall In-situated outside the building used as aerated water factory and shall not communicate directly with it.

9. He shall provide filters, storage tanks, vessels for boiling and oilier appliances of such design, material and capacity as the Health Officer may by general or special order, require for the purification and storage of water and he shall cause to be maintained, at all times, such storage tanks, boiling vessels and other appliances in a clean and sanitary condition and m good order and repair. He shall not cause or suffer any aerated water- to be manufactured in such premises from water which has not been tellered and purified to the satisfaction of the Health Officer.

10. He shall provide for the preparation of syrups or such other articles, vessels of glass or enamel or of such other material as may be approved the Health Officer.

11. He shall cause every bottle to be thoroughly washed and cleansed with a brush or other suitable apparatus, and shall, before it is charger 1, cause it to be drained of the water in it by keeping its mouth downwards on a rack provided for the purpose.

12. He shall provide a sufficient number of racks of a design approved by the Health Officer for the draining of washed bottles and for storage of charged bottles.

13. He shall not use or cause to be used any flannels, sponges, muslins or other similar materials in the purification or filtration of water or the preparation of syrups.

14. He shall, at all times adopt and cause to be maintained in good order and efficient action upon such premises all such means and appliances, as the Health Officer may, from time to time, require for the purpose of preventing any injury to any person employed therein or preventing, abating or minimizing any nuisance of annoyance to the neighbourhood or to the public.

15. No person shall spit in or upon such premises except in such receptacles or places as are provided for the purpose.

16. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall carry on the business referred to in by-law 1 and no licensee shall employ a leper or any person suffering as aforesaid to assist him in carrying on such business.

17. Every licensee shall cease temporarily to carry on such business On the occurrence of leprosy or of any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease in his house or in the house of any person employed in or assisting in such business and he shall not sell any article made or kept therein or resume such business without the written permission of the Health Officer.

18. He shall not permit any aerated waters manufactured in such premises to be issued without his trade label being affixed thereon.

19. He shall cause every person employed in such business to be medically examined on entertainment and twice every year thereafter. He shall also require every such person to produce a certificate from a Corporation Medical Officer to the effect that he is free from disease or infection of any kind and is fit for employment in such business. Such certificate shall be granted free of charge by the Corporation Medical Officers and shall be produced by the licensee for inspection as often as may be required by the Health Officer or Inspecting Officer.

20. No dog shall be kept or permitted in any aerated water factory.

21. The licensee shall, whenever so ordered by the Commissioner, forward to an approved laboratory, samples of water at any stage in the manufacture of aerated water for chemical and bacteriological examination. He shall submit the result of every such examination to the Commissioner and shall also meet all expenses incurred in this behalf.

22. He shall not hire out any machinery to, or permit any machinery to be used by private individuals for charging with gas or for manufacture of aerated waters.

23. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(a)with fine which may extend to fifty rupees and in case of a continuing breach with fine which may extend to fifteen rupees for every day during which the breach continues after conviction for the first breach; or (b) with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Industrial Control Animal Matter, Soap and Candies] [Issued in C. O. No. 2054, L& M and published in Notification No. 848 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 29th May 1935.]

1. No person shall use any premises within 200 yards of any human habitation for -

(i)storing, packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing, by any process whatever, blood, bones, camphor, catgut, fat, manure, fish, meat, offal, oil, oil cloth, or tallow; or

(ii)packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing, by any process whatever, soap or candies.

2. Every person who has obtained from the Commissioner, a licence for the use of any premises for any of the said purposes, shall provide a sufficient supply of pure and wholesome water in the premises and shall cause such premises to be thoroughly cleansed as often as may be necessary and at least twice in every 24 hours and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

3. He shall cause all refuse, fragments of animal or other matter which have fallen or have been deposited upon any part of such premises to be collected and deposited in suitable non-absorbent and impervious receptacles provided with tight fitting covers to the satisfaction of the Health Officer. He shall cause all such refuse to be removed from such premises at least once in every 24 hours and disposed of in such manner as may be approved by the Commissioner.

4. He shall cause the interior and exterior of every boiling pan and of every cask, tank, vat, pan, trough, bench, table, tub, vessel or utensil or other receptacle upon such premises to be thoroughly cleansed as often as may be necessary and at least once at the close of every working day and shall prevent any accumulation of filth in or upon such cask, tank, vat, pan, trough, bench, table, tub, vessel or utensil or other receptacles.

5. He shall cause all materials which have been received on such premises and which are not required for immediate use in his trade to be stored in such a manner and in such a situation as to prevent the emission of noxious or injurious effluvia therefrom.

6. He shall adopt and shall cause to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action, all such means and appliances provided for rendering innocuous all gas, vapour, fumes or dust emitted during any trade process either from the articles operated upon or from the contents of any cask, tank, vat, pan, trough or oilier receptacle upon such premises.

7. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls of every building and every floor and pavement upon such premises to be kept, at all times, in good order and repair so as to prevent the absorption therein of any liquid filth or refuse or any noxious or injurious matter which may be splashed or may fall thereon.

8. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building upon such premises to be hot lime washed twice at least in every year in the months of April and October or more often if so required by the Health Officer.

9. The shall provide suitable means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

10. He shall cause liquid refuse before it is discharged into a public drain to be cooled in such manner as to prevent the emission of noxious or injurious effluvia therefrom and he shall not let or cause to be let into a public drain any greasy or oily refuse matter.

11. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation and lighting upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

12. He shall adopt such practical means as may be approved of by the Health Officer for the prevention of all nuisance by the smoke from any chimney or other place connected with such premises.

13. He shall, at all limes, adopt and cause to be maintained in good order and efficient action upon such premises, all such means and appliances as the Commissioner may, from time to time, require for the purposes of preventing any injury to any person employed therein, or preventing, abating or minimizing any nuisance or annoyance to the neighbourhood or to the public.

14. He shall not permit or suffer any part of the building in such premises to be used, at any time, for purposes of human habitation,

15. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall carry on the business referred to in by-law 1 and no licensee shall employ a leper or any person suffering as aforesaid to assist him in carrying on such business.

16. No licensee shall keep or stable permanently or temporarily any dog, cattle or other animal in or any part of the premises.

17. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Bye-laws under section 349(13) and (29) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919, and all other provisions thereunto enabling to provide for the regulation of beedi manufacture. These by-laws will apply to places, where beedies are manufactured or made and where not less than ten operatives are employed] [Issued in G. O. No. 4534, L&M. and published in Notification No. 1551 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 4th November 1937.]

1. No person shall use any premises within the municipal limits or permit any premises within such limits to be used for manufacturing or making beedies without a licence from the Commissioner.

2. Application for such licence shall be made to the Commissioner in such form as may be laid down by him from time to time.

3. Every licence issued under these by-laws shall expire at the end of the financial year for which it is granted, unless for special reasons the Commissioner considers that it should expire at an earlier date.

4. Application for the renewal of licence shall be made not latter than the first March of the year preceding that in respect of which the renewal is applied for.

5. No person shall use any premises or permit any premises to be used for manufacturing or making beedies, unless -

(i)such premises are constructed of masonry or such other durable materials as may be approved by the Commissioner; and

(ii)every part of such premises is constructed of non-inflammable materials.

6. Every person who uses any premises or permits any premises to be used for manufacturing or making beedies shall provide separate accommodation for-

(i)the storage of beedi leaves;

(ii)the manufacture or making of beedies; and

(iii)the storage of beedies.

The accommodation provided in each case shall be such as may be considered by the Commissioner to be suitable and adequate.

7. The owner, occupier or other person in charge of or having control over the premises shall cause every part of the flooring of such premises to be paved or otherwise rendered impervious and drained to the satisfaction of the Commissioner and such flooring and drains shall, at all times, be kept in good order and repair.

8. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation and lighting for every room in such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

9. He shall cause every drain or means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

10. He shall provide in such premises, if so required by the Commissioner or the Health Officer, latrines and water closets in such position and of such description, size and number as the Commissioner or the Health Officer may direct for the use of persons employed therein.

11. He shall provide in such premises a sufficient and good supply of water.

12. He shall cause the said premises to be thoroughly cleaned as often as may be necessary and at least twice in every twenty-four hours and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

13. He shall provide suitable covered receptacles for the deposit of all refuse matter and such receptacles shall be emptied and thoroughly cleaned at least twice in every twenty-four hours.

14. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building in such premises to be hot lime washed to the satisfaction of the Health Officer at least twice every year in the months of January and July or more often if so required by the Health Officer.

15. He shall not cause or suffer any fire to be lighted in or on such premises. He shall not use or suffer to be used any naked lights on such premises nor shall permit any smoking therein.

16. He shall not permit or suffer any part of such premises to be used, at any time, for purposes of human habitation unless such part is sufficiently detached or separated from the rest of the said premises to the satisfaction of the Health Officer.

17. The licensee, when so required by the Health Officer, shall cause any employee engaged in the preparation, manufacture or handling of beedies in such premises to be examined and a certificate to be produced of being free from disease or infection of any kind and fit to carry on such business. The certificate shall be granted free of cost by the Medical Officers for males and lady doctors for the females in-charge of the Corporation dispensaries.

18. He shall cease to carry on the business oh the occurrence of any loathsome, infectious, contagious or dangerous disease in such premises and shall not resume the business till the premises are completely free from the disease or the infection or the contagious, as the case may be.

19. (a) He shall not carry on such business, if he is a leper or suffers from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease.

(b)He shall not allow any leper or any person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease to assist him in carrying on such business or to enter any part of the premises.

20. No person shall spit in or upon such premises except in such receptacles or places as are provided for such purpose.

21. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Food Control-Baking Or Preparing Bread, Biscuits And Confectionery[Bye-laws under section 349(13) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919, for the sanitary control and supervision of places used for baking or preparing bread, biscuits or confectionery (for other than domestic use)] [Issued in C. O. No. 1673, P H. and published in Notification No. 38S of the Fort St. George Gazette datea the 13th July 1937.]

1. No person shall use any building for baking or preparing bread, biscuits or confectionery (for other than domestic use), unless-

(a)it is constructed of masonry;

(b)every part thereof is constructed of non-inflammable material, and

(c)it contains sufficient and separate accommodation for (i) store room, (ii) oven, and (iii) kneading room.

2. Every person who has obtained from the Commissioner a licence for the use of any premises for any of the abovesaid purposes shall provide a sufficient supply of pure and wholesome water in such premises and shall cause such premises to be thoroughly cleansed as often as may be necessary and at least twice in every 24 hours and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

3. He shall cause all materials which have been received on such premises and which are not required for immediate use in his trade to be stored in a separate well ventilated room.

4. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building upon such premises to be hot limewashed at least twice in every year in the months of April and October or more often if so required by the Health Officer.

5. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation and lighting upon or in connection with such premises and shall adopt such practical means as may be approved by the Health Officer for the prevention of all nuisance from smoke or other effluvia arising during any process in the manufacturing, etc. He shall also maintain them, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

6. He shall cause the flooring of every building in such premises to be paved or otherwise made impervious and drained to the satisfaction of the Commissioner. Such flooring shall be kept, at all times, in good order and repair.

7. He shall provide suitable means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

8. He shall not permit or suffer any part of such premises to be used, at any time, for purposes of human habitation or for stabling animals.

9. He shall provide suitable non-absorbent air-tight covered receptacles in such premises for the deposit of all refuse matter and he shall cause such receptacles to be emptied as often as may be necessary and at least twice in every twenty-four hours into the dust bin provided by the Corporation for the purpose.

10. No person shall spit in or upon such premises except in such receptacles or places as are provided for such purpose.

11. Every licensee shall provide in such premises latrines in such position and of such description, size and number as the Health Officer may direct for the use of persons employed therein. The licensee shall not provide any lavatory, urinal or latrine opening directly into Or upon any place in which bread, biscuits and confectionery are prepared or stored otherwise than through a fully ventilated passage.

12. He shall cause every person employed in the preparation, distribution or handling of any article of food or drink in such premises to be medically examined on entertainment and twice every year thereafter. He shall also require every such person to produce a certificate from a Corporation Medical Officer to the effect that he is free from disease or infection of any kind and is fit for employment in such business. Such certificate shall be granted free of charge by the Corporation Medical Officers and shall be produced by the licensee for inspection as often as may be required by the Health Officer or Inspecting Officer.

13. He shall cause the surface of every dough table used in such premises to be kept smooth and impervious and free from cracks and crevices. He shall also cause it to be thoroughly cleansed both morning and evening and covered over with a clean cloth when not in use.

14. He shall keep, at all time, all trays and other utensils used in the business in a clean and sanitary condition and in good order and repair.

15. He shall store in bags all flour and other articles which are not required for immediate use and shall place them not on the ground but on benches, tables or other raised platforms made of impervious material.

16. He shall provide every person employed in such premises with a clean apron.

17. He shall store all bread, biscuits, confectionary and other articles prepared in such premises in such manner as to completely protect them from dust, flies and vermin.

18. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall carry on the business referred to in by-law and no licensee shall employ a leper or any person suffering as aforesaid to assist him in carrying on such business.

19. Every licensee shall cease temporarily to carry on such business on the occurrence of leprosy or of any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease in his house or in the house of any person employed in or assisting in such business and he shall not sell any article made or kept therein or resume such business without the written permission of the Health Officer.

20. No dog shall be kept or permitted in any such premises.

21. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discon-tinue such breach.

[Industrial Control-Cement, Paper Packing, Pressing, Cleansing, Preparing or Manufacturing, by any Process Whatever, Cement or Paper] [Issued in G. O. No. 2054, L & M, and published in Notification No. 848 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 29th May 1937.]

1. No person shall use any premises within 200 yards of any human habitation for packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing, by any process whatever, cement or paper.

2. Every person who has obtained from the Commissioner a licence for the use of any premises for any of the purposes referred to in by-law 1 shall provide a sufficient supply of pure and wholesome water in such premises and shall cause such premises to be thoroughly cleansed as often may be necessary and at least twice in every 24 hours and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

3. He shall cause all materials which have been received upon such premises and which are not required for immediate use to be stored in such a manner and in such a situation as to prevent the emission of any dust or other impurities therefrom.

4. He shall adopt and shall cause to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action all such means and appliances for rendering innocuous all dust, dirt or other impurities emitted during any process either from the articles operated on or from the contents of any cask, tank, vat, pan, vessel or utensil, trough or other receptacle upon such premises.

5. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building upon such premises to be hot lime washed twice at least in every Health Officer.

6. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and floor or pavement upon such premises to be kept, at all times, in good order and repair.

7. He shall provide suitable means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

8. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation and lighting upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

9. He shall, at all times, adopt and cause to be maintained in good order and efficient action upon such premises all such means and appliances as the Commissioner may, from time to time, require for the purpose of preventing injury to any person employed therein or for preventing, abating or minimizing any nuisance or annoyance to the neighbourhood or to the public.

10. He shall cause all refuse or other matter which may have fallen or have been deposited upon any part of such premises to be collected and deposited in suitable water-tight non-absorbent and receptacles or places to the satisfaction of the Health Officer. He shall cause all such refuse to be removed from the premises at least twice in every twenty-four hours to the dustbin or any receptacle or cart provided by the Commissioner.

11. He shall not permit or suffer any part of the building in such premises to be used, at any time, for purposes of human habitation.

12. He shall cause such practical measures as are necessary for combating any outbreaks of fire and to prevent any nuisance caused by the dust, dirt, or other impurities generated therein or by the noise from such engine, mill, machinery or press.

13. He shall not permit any work to be carried on in the premises between 6 p.m. and 6 a.m. without the written permission of the Health Officer.

14. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Premises used for storing, packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing by any process whatever cotton, cotton refuse, cotton seed, fins, horns, hoofs, hair, rags, wool, pitch, tar, turpentine, coconut fibre, flax, hemp, jute, [rosin and spirit] [Issued in G. O. No. 2054, L & M, and published in Notification No. 848 of the Fort St. George Gazette dated the 29th May 1937.]

1. No person shall use any premises within 200 yards of any habitation for storing, packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing by any process whatever, cotton, cotton refuse, cotton seed, fins, horns, hoofs, hair, rag, wool, pitch, tar, turpentine, coconut fibre, flax, hemp, jute, rosin and spirit.

2. Every person who has obtained from the Commissioner a licence for the use of any premises for any of the purposes referred to in by-law 1 shall provide a sufficient supply of pure and wholesome water in such premises and shall cause such premises to be thoroughly cleansed as often as may be necessary and at least once in every twenty-four hours and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

3. He shall cause all materials which have been received upon such premises and which are not required for immediate use to be stored in such a manner and in such a situation as to prevent the emission of any noxious or injurious effluvia therefrom.

4. He shall adopt and shall cause to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action all such means and appliances for rendering innocuous all gas, vapour, fumes or dust emitted during any process either from the articles operated on or from the contents of any cask, tank, vat pan, trough or other receptacles upon such premises.

5. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building upon such premises to be hot lime washed at least twice in every year in the months of April and October or more often if so required by the Health Officer.

6. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls of every building and every floor or pavement upon such premises to be kept, at all times, in good order and repair so as to prevent the absorption therein, or percolation therefrom of any liquid filth or refuse or any noxious or injurious matter which may be splashed or may fall or be deposited thereon.

7. He shall provide suitable means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

8. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation and lighting upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

9. He shall, at all times, adopt and cause to be maintained in good order and efficient action upon such premises all such means and appliances as the Commissioner may, from time to time, require for the purpose of preventing injury to any person employed therein or for preventing, abating or minimizing any nuisance or annoyance to the neighbourhood or to the public or for combating any out break of fire.

10. He shall cause all refuse or other matter which may have fallen or have been deposited upon any part of such premises to be collected and deposited in suitable water-tight non-absorbent covered receptacles or places to the satisfaction of the Health Officer. He shall cause all such refuse to be removed from such premises at least twice in every twenty-four hours and it shall be disposed of in such manner as may be approved by the Health Officer.

11. He shall not permit or suffer any part of the building in or upon such premises to be used, at any time, for purposes of human habitation.

12. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall carry on the business referred to in by-law 1 and no licensee shall employ a leper or any person suffering as aforesaid to assist him in carrying on such business or allow a leper or any such person to enter, or loiter in or on, any part of such premises.

13. No licensee shall keep or stable, permanently or temporarily, any dog, cattle or other animal in or on any part of the premises.

14.

(1)The licensee shall not, in or on such premises-

(a)light or permit the lighting of any fire;

(b)use or permit the use for any naked light; or

(c)smoke or permit smoking.

(2)No person entering such premises shall carry on his person any matches or other lighting appliance.

15. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Packing, Pressing, Cleansing, Preparing or Manufacturing, by any Process Whatever, DyesBye-laws under section 349(13) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 for the sanitary control and supervision of places where offensive trades are carried onGeneral conditions to be observed regarding premises used for purposes of packing, cleansing, manufacturing, etc., dyes. -No premises used for the purpose of packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing, by any process whatever, dyes shall be situated within 100 yards of any human habitation.Every person who may have obtained from the Commissioner a licence for the use of any premises for the purposes mentioned above, shall cause all materials which have been received upon the said premises and which are not required for immediate use to be stored in such a manner and in such a situation as to prevent the emission of noxious or injurious effluvia therefrom.He shall adopt the best practicable means of rendering innocuous all vapor emitted during any process either from the articles operated upon or from the contents of any cask, tank, vat, pan or other receptacles upon the said premises.He shall, at the close of every working day, cause the said premises to be thoroughly cleansed.He shall cause every floor or pavement upon the said premises to be kept, at all times, in good order and repair so as to prevent the absorption of any liquid filth or refuse or any noxious or injurious matter which may fall or be deposited thereon.He shall cause the drying ground and all the ground surface of the said premises to be kept smooth and free from hollows or inequalities so as to prevent any accumulation of liquid filth or refuse.He shall cause every drain or means of drainage upon or in connection with the said premises to be maintained at all times in good order and efficient action.He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the wall and the ceiling of every building upon the said premises to be lime washed to the satisfaction of the Commissioner twice every year or often if so required.He shall not permit or suffer any building upon the said premises in which dyes are stored or kept to be used for human habitation.He shall cause all refuse or other matter which may have fallen or been deposited upon any part of the said premises to be collected and deposited in suitable receptacles or places to the satisfaction of the Commissioner.He shall cause every such means of ventilation and lighting as may be provided in or in connection with the said premises to be maintained at all times in good order and efficient action.He shall provide in such premises an adequate supply of pure and wholesome water.Any person offending against any of these by-laws shall be punishable-

(a)with fine which may extend to fifty rupees, and in case of a continuing breach with fine which may extend to fifteen rupees for every day during which the breach continues after conviction for the first breach, or

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Industrial control-dyeing cloths] [Issued in G. O. No. 2054, L&M, and published in Notification No. 848 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 29th May 1935.]Premises used for dyeing in indigo and other colours

1. No person shall use any premises within one hundred yards of any human habitation for dyeing cloths.

2. Every person who has obtained from the Commissioner a licence for the use of any premises for the purpose of dyeing cloth shall cause all materials which have been received upon such premises and which are not required for immediate use to be stored in such a manner and in such a situation as to prevent the emission of noxious or injurious effluvia therefrom.

3. He shall adopt and shall cause to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action all such means and appliances as are necessary for rendering innocuous all gas, vapour, fumes, dust or other impurities emitted during any trade process either from the articles operated upon or from the contents of any cask, tank, vat, pan, trough, vessel or utensil or other receptacle upon such premises.

4. He shall provide a sufficient supply of pure and wholesome1 water in such premises and shall cause such premises to be thoroughly cleansed as often as may be necessary and at least once in every twenty-four hours and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

5. He shall cause every floor or pavement upon such premises to be kept, at all times, in good order and repair so as to prevent the absorption of any liquid filth or refuse or any noxious or injurious matter which may fall or be deposited thereon.

6. He shall cause the drying ground and all the ground surface of such premises to be kept smooth and free from hollows or inequalities so as to prevent any accumulation thereon of any liquid filth or refuse.

7. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation and lighting upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

8. He shall provide suitable means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action. He shall dispose of coloured refuse in such manner as may be approved by the Engineer and shall, in no case, let coloured refuse into any public drain without the written permission of the Engineer.

9. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building upon such premises to be hot lime washed at least twice in every year in the months of April and October or more often if so required by the Health Officer.

10. He shall cause all refuse matter which may have fallen or have been deposited upon any part of the said premises to be collected and deposited in suitable air-tight non-absorbent covered receptacles to the satisfaction of the Health Officer. He shall cause all such refuse to be removed from such premises at least twice in every twenty-four hours and deposited in the municipal rubbish carts.

11. He shall not permit or suffer any part of the building upon such premises to be used, at any time, for purposes of human habitation.

12. He shall not permit any stagnation of water in any unused dye pots or receptacles in such premises.

13. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Industrial Control-Explosives] [Issued in G. O. No. 2054, L&M, and published in Notification No. 848 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 29th May 1935.]

1. No person shall use any premises within 500 yards of any human habitation for storing, packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing, by any process whatever, ammunition of fireworks, gun powder, matches, sulphur, saltpetre, chlorate-mixture, fulminate of mercury, gas, gun cotton, nitro-glycerine, nitro-compound or nitro-mixture.

2. No person shall use any building for any of the purposes referred to in by law 1-

(a)unless it is constructed of masonry or such other durable material as may be approved by the Commissioner; and

(b)unless every part thereof is constructed of non-inflammable material.

3. Every person who has obtained from the Commissioner a licence for the use of any premises for any of the said purposes shall cause such premises to be thoroughly cleansed as often as may be necessary and at least once in every twenty-four hours and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

4. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation and lighting upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

5. He shall cause the flooring of every part of such premises to be paved or otherwise made impervious and drained to the satisfaction of the Commissioner and such flooring shall be kept, at all times, in good order and repair.

6. He shall provide suitable means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

7. He shall adopt the best practical means of rendering innocuous all gas, vapour, fumes, dust or other impurities arising from any source in such premises.

8. He shall provide in such premises a sufficient supply of pure and wholesome water and suitable means and appliances to combat any outbreak of fire.

9. He shall not, in, or on such premises -

(a)light or permit the lighting of any fire;

(b)use or permit the use of any naked light; or

(c)smoke or permit smoking.

10. No person entering such premises shall carry on his person any matches or other lighting appliance, nor shall the licensee permit any person carrying matches or other lighting appliance on his person to enter such premises.

11. The licensee shall not, in any time, store in such premises any of the said articles in excess of the quantity allowed by his licence.

12. He shall, at all times, adopt and cause lobe maintained in good order and efficient action upon such premises all such means and appliances as the Commissioner may, from time to time, require for the purpose of preventing any injury to any workman employed therein or preventing, abating or minimizing any nuisance or annoyance to the neighbourhood or to the public.

13. He shall not permit or suffer any part of the building on such premises to be used, at any time, for purposes of human habitation.

14. He shall provide in such premises, such means of escape in case of outbreak of fire as may be approved by the Commissioner.

15. He shall not take or permit any person to take his meals in such premises.

16. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(a)with fine which may be extend to fifty rupees and in the case of a continuing breach with fine, which may extend to fifteen rupees for every day during which the breach continues after conviction for the first breach; or

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Food Control-Flour Condiments[Bye-laws under section 349(13) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919, for the sanitary control and supervision of premises used for packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing flour or manufacturing condiments (for other than domestic use.)] [Issued in G. O. No. 2054, L & M, and published in Notification No. 848 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 29th May 1935.]

1. No person shall use any building for packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing, by any process whatever, flour or manufacturing condiments (for other than domestic use) unless it is constructed of masonry and unless every part thereof is constructed of non-inflammable materials.

2. Every person who has obtained from the Commissioner a licence for the use of any premises for any of the above said purposes shall provide a sufficient supply of pure and wholesome water in such premises and shall cause such premises to be thoroughly cleansed as often as may be necessary and at least twice in every 24 hours and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

3. He shall cause all materials which have been received on such premises and which are not required for immediate use in his trade to be stored in such a manner and in such a situation to prevent the emission of noxious or injurious effluvia therefrom.

4. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building upon such premises to be hot lime washed at least twice in every year in the months of April and October or more often if so required by the Health Officer.

5. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation and lighting and shall adopt such practical means as may be approved by the Health Officer for the prevention of all nuisance from smoke or other effluvia arising during any process in the manufacturing, etc. He shall also maintain them, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

6. He shall cause the flooring of every building in such premises to be paved or otherwise made impervious and drained to the satisfaction of the Commissioner and such flooring shall be kept, at all times, in good order and repair.

7. He shall provide suitable means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

8. He shall not permit or suffer any part of the building upon such premises in or upon which any of the said articles is kept or stored or manufactured to be used, at any time, for purposes of human habitation.

9. He shall provide suitable non-absorbent air-tight covered receptacles in such premises for the deposit of all refuse matter and he shall cause such receptacles to be emptied as often as may be necessary and at least twice in every 24 hours into the dustbin provided by the Corporation.

10. No person shall spit in or upon such premises except in such receptacles or places as are provided for the purpose.

11. The licensee shall provide in such premises latrines, in such position and of such description, size and number as the Health Officer may direct for the use of persons employed therein. The licensee shall not provide any lavatory, urinal or latrine opening directly into, or upon, any place where condiments or other articles are manufactured or stored, otherwise than through a fully ventilated passage.

12. Every person employed therein shall produce a certificate of medical fitness from the Corporation Medical Officers who shall grant it free of charge once a year or as often as may be required by the Health Officer.

13. The licensee shall keep, at all times, all trays and other utensils used in the business in a clean and sanitary condition and in good order and repair.

14. The licensee shall store in bags all flour and other articles which are not required for immediate use and shall place them not on the ground but on benches, tables or other raised platforms made of impervious materials.

15. The licensee shall provide every person employed in such premises with a clean apron.

16. The licensee shall pack or store all flour condiments and other articles prepared in such premises in such a manner as to completely protect them from dust and flies.

17. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall carry on the business referred to in by-law and no licensee shall employ a leper or any person suffering as aforesaid to assist him in carrying on such business.

18. Every licensee shall cease temporarily to carry on such business on the occurrence of any loathsome infectious or contagious disease in his house or in the house of any person employed in or assisting in such business and he shall not sell any article made or kept therein or resume his business without the written permission of the Health Officer.

19. The licensee shall not admit any dog or cattle into any such premises.

20. Whoever commits a breach of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Industrial Control-Gilding, Electro Plating] [Issued in G. O. No. 2054, L&M. and published in Notification No. 848. Fort St. George Gazette, dated 29th May 1935.]Premises used for gilding, electroplating

1. Every person who has obtained from the Commissioner a licence for the use of any premises for the purpose of carrying on the business of gilding or electro plating shall cause such premises to be thoroughly cleaned as often as may be necessary and at least twice in every twenty-four hours and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

2. He shall cause all refuse or other matter which may have fallen or have been deposited upon any part of such premises to be collected and placed in suitable covered air-tight non-absorbent receptacles to the satisfaction of the Commissioner. He shall cause all such refuse to be removed from such premises at least twice in every twenty-four hours and it shall be disposed of in such manner as may be approved by the Commissioner.

3. He shall provide and shall cause every means of ventilation upon or in connection with such premises' to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action so as to permit the escape of all gas, vapour, fumes, dust or other impurities, produced or generated in such premises.

4. He shall provide and shall cause to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action all such means and appliances as are necessary for rendering innocuous all gas, vapour, fumes, dust or other impurities emitted during any trade process either from the articles operated upon or from the contents of any receptacles upon such premises or from any source whatever connected with the trade.

5. The licensee shall allow a space of 250 cubic feet for each person employed in such premises and he shall not employ in such premises a greater number of persons than that arrived at by calculating at the rate of 250 cubic feet space for each person.

6. The licensee shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building upon such premises to be hot lime washed at least twice in every year in the months of April and October or more often if so required by the Commissioner.

7. He shall provide and shall cause every drain or means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

8. He shall, at all times, adopt and cause to be maintained in good order and efficient action upon such premises all such means and appliances as the Commissioner may, from time to time, require for the prevention of inhalation of dust, dirt, gas, vapour, fumes or other impurities and for the purpose of preventing any injury to; any person employed therein or abating or minimizing any nuisance or annoyance to the neighbourhood or to the public.

9. He shall not permit any part of the building in such premises to be used, at any lime, for purposes of human habitation nor shall such building open into or on any thoroughfare or place of public resort.

10. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall carry on the business referred to in by-law 1 and no licensee shall employ a leper or any person suffering aforesaid to assist him in carrying on such business.

11. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Food Control-Ice] [Issued in G. O No. 1013, P & H, and published in Notification No. 338 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 13th lulu 1937.]Premises used for Manufacturing Ice

1. No person shall use any building for manufacturing ice unless -

(a)it is constructed of masonary; and

(b)every part thereof is constructed of non-inflammable material.

2. Every person who has obtained from Commissioner a licence for the use of any premises as an ice factory shall provide in such premises a sufficient supply of water from a source approved by the Health Officer in writing and shall cause such premises, to be thoroughly cleansed at least twice in every twenty-four hours or more often if necessary and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

3. He shall cause the flooring of every building in such premises to be paved or otherwise made impervious and drained to the satisfaction of the Health Officer. Such flooring shall be kept, at all times, in good order and repair.

4. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation and lighting upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

5. He shall provide suitable means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

6. He shall provide such latrine accommodation for persons employed in the factory as is approved by the Health Officer. Such latrine shall be situated outside the building used as ice factory and shall not communicate directly with it.

7. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building upon such premises to be hot lime washed at least twice in every year in the months of April and October or more often if so required by the Health Officer.

8. He shall not use or permit or suffer any part of such premises to be used, at any time, for purposes of human habitation or for stabling animals.

9. He shall provide filters, storage tanks, vessels for boiling and other appliances of such design and material and capacity as may be required by the Health Officer for the purification and storage of water and cause to be maintained, at all times, such storage tanks, boiling vessels and other appliances in a clean and sanitary condition and in good order and repair. He shall not cause or suffer any ice to be manufactured in such premises from water which has not been thoroughly filtered and purified to the satisfaction of the Health Officer. He shall not use or cause to be used any flannel, sponge or muslin or other similar material in the purification or alteration of water.

10. He shall, whenever so ordered by the Commissioner, forward to any approved laboratory, samples of ice and of water used in its manufacture at any stage in the process, for chemical and bacteriological examination. He shall submit the result of every such analysis to the Commissioner and shall also meet all expenses incurred in this behalf.

11. He shall, at all times, adopt and cause to be maintained in good order and efficient action upon such premises all such means and appliances as the Health Officer may, from time to time, require for the purpose of preventing any injury to any person employed therein or preventing, abating or minimizing any nuisance or annoyance to the neighbourhood or to the public.

12. No person shall spit in or upon such premises except in such receptacles or places as are provided for the purpose.

13. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall carry on such business and no licensee shall employ a leper or any person suffering as aforesaid to assist him in carrying on such business.

14. Every licensee shall cease temporarily to carry on such business on the occurrence of leprosy or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease in his house or in the house of any person employed in or assisting in such business and he shall not sell ice made or kept therein or resume such business without the written permission of the Health Officer.

15. No dog shall be kept or permitted in any such premises.

16. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(a)with fine which may extend to fifty rupees and in case of continuing breach with fine which may extend to fifteen rupees for every day during which the breach continues after conviction for the first breach; or

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Industrial Control - Lime, Lime-Shell, Surki Pottery, Bricks And Tiles] [Issued in G. O. No. 2054, L&M. and published in Notification No. 848 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 29th May 1935.]Bye-laws under section 349(13) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 for the sanitary control and supervision of places used for (i) storing, packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing, by any process whatever, lime, lime-shells, surki, (ii) packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing, by any process whatever, pottery, (iii) premises used for manufacturing tiles and bricks.

1. No person shall use any premises within 200 yards of any human habitation for-

(a)storing, packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing, by any process whatever, lime, lime-shells or surki; or

(b)packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing, by any process whatever, pottery; or

(c)manufacturing bricks or tiles.

2. Every person who has obtained from the Commissioner a licence for the use of premises for any of the purposes referred to in by-law 1 shall cause such premises to be thoroughly cleansed and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

3. He shall, at all times, adopt and cause to be maintained in good order and efficient action upon such premises all such means and appliances as the Commissioner may, from time to time, require for the purpose of preventing any injury to any workman employed therein or preventing; abating or minimizing any nuisance or annoyance to the neighbourhood or to the public.

4. He shall not, at any time, cause any excavations to be made in any part of such premises for removing earth, clay, etc., for making bricks, tiles, pottery or lime or for any other purpose.

5. He shall not permit or cause or suffer any cinders, ashes, bricks, stone, rubbish, dust, filth or other matter to be thrown or placed or suffer to be thrown or placed into on or in any river, stream, watercourse, well, lank, street, or any other place so as to cause mischief or annoyance to the public.

6. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Industrial control-oil] [Issued in G. O. No. 2054, L&M. and published in Notification No. 848 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 29th May 1935.]Premises used for storing, packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing, by any process whatever, oil

1. Every person who has obtained from the Commissioner a licence for the use of any premises for the purpose of storing, packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing oil, by any process whatever, shall provide a sufficient supply of pure and wholesome water in such premises and shall cause such premises to be thoroughly cleansed as often as may be necessary and at least once in every twenty-four hours and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

2. He shall cause all refuse or other matter which may have fallen or have been deposited upon any part of such premises to be collected and stored in suitable air-tight non-absorbent covered receptacles to the satisfaction of the Health Officer. He shall cause all such refuse to be removed from such premises at least twice in every twenty-four hours and it shall be disposed of in such manner as may be approved by the Health Officer.

3. He shall cause all materials which have been received on the said premises and which are not required for immediate use in his trade to be stored in such a manner and in such situation as to prevent any nuisance arising therefrom.

4. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building upon such premises to be hot limewashed at least twice in every year in the months of April and October or more often if so required by the Health Officer.

5. He shall provide suitable means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

6. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation and lighting upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

7. He shall adopt such practical means as shall be approved of by the Health Officer for the prevention of all nuisance by smoke or other effluvia from any chimney or other place connected with such premises.

8. He shall cause the surrounding of the mill or press to be paved and metalled and drained to the satisfaction of the Health Officer,

9. He shall cause all animals kept in connection with such mill or press to be properly housed in suitable places, hies, paved and drained to the satisfaction of the Health Officer.

10. He shall not permit or suffer any part of the building in or on such premises to be used, at any time, for purposes of human habitation unless such building is efficiently separated from communication with the said premises to the satisfaction of the Commissioner.

11. He shall adopt such practical measures as are necessary to prevent any nuisance caused by the noise from such mill or press. He shall not cause any such mill or press to be worked between 6 30 p.m. and 5.30 a.m. without the written permission of the Commissioner.

12. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome infectious or contagious diseases shall carry on the business referred to in by-law and no licensee shall employ a leper or any person suffering as aforesaid to assist him in carrying on such business or allow a leper or any such person to enter, or loiter in or on any part of such premises.

13. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable -

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Premises Used For Storing And Packing Onions And Garlic[Bye-laws under section 349(13) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 for the sanitary control and supervision of places where offensive trades are carried on] [Published in Notification No. 68 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 22nd January 1923.]Obligation on the part of the licensee for storing onions, etc. to clean twice a day to prevent accumulation of filth. - Every person who may have obtained from the Commissioner a licence for the use of any premises for the purpose of storing and packing onions and garlic shall cause the said premises to be cleansed twice a day or, from time to time, as often as may be necessary to prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse.Requirements for the building to be used for storing and packing onions, etc. - He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building upon the said premises to be limewashed to the satisfaction of the Commissioner twice at least every year often if so required.He shall cause impervious flooring and drains to be provided and those shall be kept in good order and repair.He shall cause every such means of ventilation and lighting as may be provided in or in connection with the said premises to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.He shall provide sufficient open space in or upon the premises for drying these articles.He shall not permit or suffer any building upon the said premises in or upon which the said articles is or are stored or kept to be used for human habitation.Prohibition against selling or exposing for sale any deteriorated onions etc., for human consumption. - He shall not during any part of the day or night sell or expose for sale any deteriorated aforesaid articles for human consumption. He shall separate all the unsound, deteriorated or damaged stuff from the sound ones and destroy them forthwith.Provision of air tight receptacles for the deposit of rubbish. - He shall provide properly covered receptacles for the deposit of rubbish, filth, etc., and such receptacles shall be emptied as often as may be necessary and at least once in every twenty-four hours.Penalty for breach of these above conditions. - Any person offending against any of these by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Industrial control-boiling paddy] [Issued in G. O. No. 2673, P. H. and published in Notification No. 338 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 13th July 1937.]Premises used for boiling paddy

1. Every person who has obtained from Commissioner a licence for the use of any premises for the purpose of boiling paddy shall provide a sufficient supply of water in such premises and shall cause such premises to be thoroughly cleansed at least once in every twenty-four hours or more often if necessary and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

2. He shall provide suitable means of drainage upon or in connecting with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all time , in good order and efficient action.

3. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation and lighting upon or in connection with such premises and shall adopt such practical means as may be approved by the Health Officer for the prevention of all nuisance from smoke or other effluvia rising during such boiling of paddy. He shall also maintain them, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

4. He shall provide suitable receptacles in suitable places for soaking paddy. He shall cause the flooring or every such place to be paved or otherwise made impervious and drained to the satisfaction of the Health Officer. Such flooring shall be kept, at all times, in good order and repair.

5. He shall provide for drying paddy a platform or other suitable place paved with tiles, slabs or cement and no person shall dry paddy except on such platform or other place provided for the purpose.

6. He shall not use or permit for soaking paddy water from any source which is prohibited by the Health Officer.

7. He shall not soak or permit the soaking of paddy in water previously used for the same purpose nor shall he allow such waste water to be retained in any vessel in the-premises. He shall cause such water to be disposed of in such manner as the Health Officer may direct.

8. He shall provide suitable non-absorbent receptacles for the deposit of all refuse matter in the premises and cause it to be disposed of not less than twice in every twenty-four hours in such manner as the Health Officer may direct. Unless so permitted in writing by the Health Officer, such refuse shall not be deposited in any public street or dustbin.

9. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall carry on such business and no licensee shall employ a leper or any person suffering as aforesaid to assist him in carrying on such business.

10. Every licensee shall cease temporarily to carry on such business on the occurrence of leprosy or of any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease in his or in the house of any person employed in or assisting in such business and he shall not sell any paddy or rice kept or made in such premises or resume his business without written permission of the Health Officer.

11. He shall keep all rice or paddy stored or exposed for sale in such covered receptacles or place as may be approved by the Health Officer.

12. No person shall spit in or upon such premises except in such receptacles or places as are provided for the purpose.

13. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Industrial Control- Skins, Hides, Leather and Carpets] [Issued in G. O. No. 2054; L&M. and published in Notification No. 848 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 29th May 1935.]Premises used for storing, packing, pressing, cleansing, or preparing or manufacturing, by any process whatever, skins, hides, leather and manufacturing carpets

1. No person shall use any premises situated within two hundred yards of any human habitation for storing, packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing skins, hides and leather.

2. Every person who has obtained from the Commissioner a licence for the use of any premises for any of the said purposes or for manufacturing carpets shall provide sufficient supply of pure and wholesome water in such premises and shall cause such premises to be thoroughly flushed, washed and cleansed as often as may be necessary and at least twice in every twenty-four hours and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

3. He shall cause all hair, fleshings and refuse fragments of skin or other matter detached from any hide or butt to be collected and placed in a suitable part of such premises to await removal therefrom. He shall cause all scraps of animal matter to be collected and stored in suitable water-tight non-absorbent receptacles properly covered and emptied at least once in every twenty-four hours and finally disposed of in such manner as may be approved by the Commissioner.

4. He shall cause the hair, fleshings and refuse fragments of skin or other matter detached from any hide or butt which have been so collected and which are not intended to be subjected to any further trade process upon such premises to be removed therefrom at least once in every twenty-four hours and to be disposed of in such manner as may be approved by the Commissioner.

5. He shall cause every beam, table, bench, knife, hammer or other implement or apparatus used upon such premises for the purposes of unhairing, fleshing, rounding, scudding or stalling any hide or butt or in any other process of his trade to be thoroughly cleansed as often as may be necessary and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse upon such beam, table, bench, knife, hammer or other implement or apparatus.

6. He shall-

(a)cause all waste lime, which has been taken out of any pit upon such premises to be forthwith deposited in a suitable vessel or receptacle or in a properly constructed cart or carriage;

(b)cause every such vessel, receptacle, cart or carriage, when filled or loaded, to be properly covered in such a manner as to prevent the emission of noxious or injurious effluvia from the contents thereof; and

(c)cause all waste lime to be removed from such premises at least once in every twenty-four hours and disposed of in such manner as may be approved by the Health Officer.

7. He shall cause all filth which has been splashed upon any part of the internal surface of any wall of any building upon such premises to be removed by scrapping or by scrubbing with fresh lime or by other effectual means at least once a week or more often if so required by the Health Officer.

8. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building and every floor or pavement upon such premises to be kept, at all times, in good order and repair so as to prevent the absorption therein or percolation therefrom of any liquid filth or refuse or any noxious or injurious matter which may be splashed or may fall or be deposited thereon.

9. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building upon such premises to be hot lime washed at least twice in every year in the months of April and October or more often if so required by the Health Officer.

10. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation and lighting upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

11. He shall provide suitable means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

12. He shall not permit or suffer any part of the building in such ' premises to be used, at any time, for the purposes of human habitation.

13. Nothing in the above by-laws shall be deemed to apply to the storing of leather or skin properly tanned and dressed.

14. Whoever commits a breach of by-laws 1 to 12 shall be punishable -

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Bye Laws-Corporation of Chennai -Manufacture of Snuff, Lac or Shellac] [Issued in G. O. No. 4875, L&M. and published in Notification No. 1392 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 17th November 1926.]

1. No person shall engage in the manufacture of snuff, lac or shellac without obtaining a licence from the Commissioner.

2. Such part of building or place as is used for the manufacture of snuff, lac or shellac shall not abut immediately on any public lane or street or on any place of public resort.

3. The licensee shall cause the premises to be thoroughly cleansed as often as may be necessary and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

4. No building or part thereof used for such purpose shall be constructed of inflammable materials. In every such building or part, provision for free ventilation and light shall be made to the satisfaction of the Commissioner.

5. Every furnace or fire-place shall be so constructed as to enable all smoke, fumes, vapours or other offensive gases to be carried away into the external air by suitable and efficient chimneys or outlets sufficiently high as not to be a nuisance to the neighbourhood. A furnace or fire-place shall be deemed to be constructed in accordance with the above condition, if just over the furnace or fireplace there is an arch with a hole in the middle, of not less than 12 inches diameter, from which a chimney is constructed to a height not less than 3 feet above the roof of the surround buildings. The licensee shall also adopt such other measures as may be required by the Health Officer for the prevention of all nuisance by smoke, gas, vapour, fumes, dust or other impurities.

6. The licensee shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building upon such premises to be hot lime washed at least twice in every year in the months of April and October or more often if so required by the Health Officer.

7. No building or part of a building used for the manufacture of snuff, lac or shellac be used or permitted to be used for purposes of human habitation.

8. No person shall spit in such premises except in such receptacles or places as are provided for such purpose.

9. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome or dangerous disease shall carry on such business in such premises or be employed or assist in the carrying on, of such business in such premises.

10. Whoever commits a breach of any of the by-laws shall be punishable-

(a)with fine which may extend to ten rupees; or

(b)with fine which may extend to three rupees for every day-during which the breach continues after the conviction for the first breach; or

(c)with fine which may extend to two rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach:

Provided that nothing in this by-law shall be deemed to affect anything contained in sections 287 and 357 of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 (Tamil Nadu Act IV of 1919) and Schedules VII and VIII thereto.Packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing, by any process whatever, sugar, [sugar candy] [Published in Notification No. 68 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 22nd January 1923.]Premises used for the purpose of packing, cleansing, preparing sugar, etc., and sugar candy to be thoroughly cleansed, etc. - Every person who may have obtained from the Commissioner a licence for the use of any premises for the purpose of packing, pressing, cleansing, preparing or manufacturing, by any process whatever, sugar or sugar candy shall, at the close of every working day, cause the said premises to be cleansed.He shall, at the same time, cause all refuse and other rubbish matter which may have fallen or been deposited upon any part of the said premises to be collected and placed in a suitable receptacle to the satisfaction of the Commissioner.He shall cause the interior and exterior of every boiling pan and of every cask, tank, vat, pan, trough or other receptacles upon the said premises to be thoroughly cleansed, from time to time, as often as may be necessary to prevent any accumulation of filth in or upon the cask, pan, tank, vat, trough or receptacle.He shall cause all material which are not required for immediate use in his trade to be stored in such a manner and in such a situation as to prevent the emission of noxious or injurious effluvia therefrom or accumulation of filth.He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls of any building and every floor and pavement upon the said premises to be kept, at all times, in good order and repairs.He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the wall and ceiling of every building upon the said premises to be lime washed to the satisfaction of the Commissioner twice at least in a year or often if so required.He shall cause every drain or means of drainage upon or in connection with the said premises to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.He shall cause every such means of lighting and ventilation as may be provided in or in connection with the said premises to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action. Every part of the building shall be properly and efficiently lighted and ventilated. The kitchen shall be sufficiently ventilated and an efficient smoke outlet provided therein.He shall not permit or suffer any buildings upon the said premises in or upon which any of the said articles is or are stored or kept to be used for human habitation.The flooring of the crystallizing rooms and the walls of the drying and storing room up to the ceiling shall be cement plastered. The flooring in general shall be impervious.He shall not allow any workman inside the premises without an apron on him. He shall not allow chewing betel leaves or tobacco and spitting in or upon the premises.He shall take all necessary precautions to protect sugar and sugar-candy from flies, dust and effluvia, from the drains by providing proper glass covered shelves of proof wire gauze nettings on cement plastered platforms or wooden benches or racks.Penalty. - Any person offending against any of these by-laws shall be punishable-

(a)with a fine which may extend to fifty rupees and in case of continuing breach with a fine which may extend to fifteen rupees for every day during which the breach continues after conviction for the first breach; or

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Disease prevention-washing clothes section 287-Schedule VI] [Issued in G O. No. 1673, P. H. and published in Notification No. 338 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 13th July 1937.]Bye-laws under section 349(13) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 regulating premises used for washing soiled clothes and keeping soiled clothes for the purpose of washing them and keeping washed clothes

1. Every person who may have obtained from the Commissioner a licence for the use of any premises for the purpose of washing soiled clothes or keeping soiled clothes for the purpose of washing them or keeping washed clothes shall provide a sufficient supply of water in such premises and shall cause such premises to be thoroughly cleansed as often as may be necessary, and at least once in every twenty-four hours and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

2. He shall store soiled and washed clothes in separate rooms or places in such premises.

3. He shall not wash or permit to be washed soiled clothes in any source of water supply. Water necessary for the purpose shall be drawn from the source of water supply. The water used for washing clothes shall be prevented from entering any source of water supply and shall be removed and disposed of in a manner approved by the Commissioner.

4. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building upon such premises to be hot lime washed at least twice in every year in the months of April and October or more often if so required by the Commissioner.

5. He shall cause the flooring of every building, washing platforms and stands in such premises to be paved or otherwise made impervious to the satisfaction of the Commissioner. Such flooring and platforms and stands shall be kept, at all times, in good order and repair.

6. He shall provide suitable means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

7. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation and lighting upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

8. He shall, at all times, adopt and cause to be maintained in good order and efficient action upon the said premises all such appliances and means in connection with such business as the Commissioner may, from time to time, require.

9. He shall not permit or suffer any room or place in such premises in or upon which any of the said articles is stored or kept, to be used, at any time, for purposes of human habitation.

10. He shall not knowingly take or cause to be taken soiled clothes from a house where there is a dangerous, loathsome or infectious disease nor should the owner or occupier of any such house knowingly give clothes to him to be washed until, after the said house and clothes have been previously disinfected to the satisfaction of the Commissioner.

11. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall carry on the business of a washerman or be employed in, or assist in the carrying on of, such business.

12. Every licensee shall cease temporarily from carrying on his profession on the occurrence of leprosy or of any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease in such premises and he shall not resume his profession until such premises have been declared to be free from infection by the Commissioner.

13. On the occurrence of leprosy, or of any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease in his premises, he shall retain all clothes in his possession until the written permission of the Commissioner has been obtained to return them to their owners.

14. He shall, at once, report to the Commissioner all cases of dangerous disease coming to his notice.

15. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Animal Control-Slaughter Houses-Public[Bye-laws under section 349(14)(a), (b) and (c) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 for the control and supervision of municipal slaughter houses, or of places used for skinning and cutting up carcasses, of the methods of slaughtering and of butchers carrying on business in them] [Issued in G. O. No. 2054, L&M, and published in Notification No. 848 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 29th May 1935.]

1. Every applicant for a licence to slaughter animals in a Corporation slaughter-house shall produce before the Commissioner, a certificate of health from a registered medical practitioner.

2. Every person who desires to slaughter an animal in a municipal slaughterhouse shall produce his licence when called on to do so by the Commissioner or the Health Officer or Superintendent or any person in-charge thereof.

3. Licensees shall slaughter animals and dress carcasses only in such places in the slaughter-house as are assigned for such purposes by the Superintendent thereof.

4. Licensees shall slaughter animals only at such hours as may, from lime to time, be fixed by the Commissioner and notified in some conspicuous place in the slaughter-house.

5.

(1)A licensee shall not slaughter an animal until it has been carefully inspected and pronounced to be free from disease by an officer (hereinafter referred to as the Inspecting Officer).

(2)The Inspecting Officer shall reject any animal which may for any reason appear to him to be unfit to be slaughtered for human consumption.

(3)The owner of the animal so rejected shall cause it to be forthwith removed from the slaughter-house premises.

(4)If any animal so rejected is found to be affected with any infectious or contagious disease, the Inspecting Officer shall seize and destroy such animal and dispose of the carcass in such manner as to prevent its being used for human food or exposed for sale. The owner of the animal shall bear all expenses that may be incurred in such seizure, destruction and disposal.

6. No person shall bring into a slaughter-house a dying or dead animal. The Inspecting Officer may, if such animal is brought to the slaughter-house, direct that it shall be seized and destroyed and the carcass disposed of in such manner as he deems fit. The owner of the animal shall bear all the expenses that may be incurred in such seizure, destruction and disposal.

Explanation. - This by-law shall not apply to the case of an anima 1 which has met with an accident rendering it unfit for further work, if it is brought to the slaughter-house immediately after the accident.

7. Every person employed in the slaughtering of animals shall use such instruments and appliances and shall adopt such methods of slaughtering and otherwise take such precautions as may be requisite to secure the infliction of as little pain or suffering as practicable.

8. The carcasses of all slaughtered animals shall be examined by the officer appointed by the Commissioner in this behalf. If any such carcass be found to be diseased, unsound or otherwise unfit for human consumption, it shall be seized and destroyed and disposed of so as to prevent its being used for human food or exposed for sale at the expense of the person in-charge of the carcass at the time of seizure except in cases of contagious or other diseases, the skin of the animal shall remain the property of the owner.

9. All carcasses passed by the officer referred in-by-law 8 as fit for human consumption shall be stamped before removal from the slaughter-house. If any dispute arises between such officer and the person in-charge of a carcass as to its fitness for human food or otherwise, the dispute shall be referred to the Health Officer or Assistant Health Officer whose decision shall be final.

10. Every person engaged in a slaughter-house, driving or bringing any animal to the place of slaughter shall-

(a)avoid as far as practicable driving or bringing the animal over any ground which is likely to cause the animal to slip or fall, and

(b)otherwise adopt such methods and precautions as will prevent the infliction upon the animal of unnecessary suffering or pain.

11. No person shall, in a slaughter-house, slaughter or cause or suffer to be slaughtered any animal or cause or suffer its carcass to be dressed in the view of another animal.

12. Every person who brings animals into the slaughter-house for slaughter shall keep them at the pen provided for the purpose for such period as may be fixed by the Commissioner, from time to time, or any subsequent extension of such period, provided that no animal shall be so kept for more than one week. The animals shall be fed at the expense of such person.

13. No person shall remove carcasses and meat from a slaughter-house to any market or other place except in a suitable covered vehicle of an approved pattern and specially set apart for the purpose. Such person shall, during such removal, conceal the carcasses and meat from public view and completely protect them from flies and dust. Persons providing such vehicles shall, at all times, keep the same in a clean and sanitary condition and in good order and repair. Where such vehicles are provided by the Corporation, no person shall remove the carcasses and meat except in a vehicle so provided and such carting fees as may be fixed by the Standing Committee, from time to time, shall be paid for the use of the vehicle.

14. The licensee shall not allow the contents of the entrails, refuse, offal and other offensive matter rejected by him, to be washed or let into the sewer or drain, but shall remove and deposit them in the offal baskets or other receptacle provided for the purpose.

15. The licensee shall remove skins, entrails and other offal from the slaughter-house premises within three hours after the slaughtering or dressing had been completed. Those not removed within the time allowed shall be considered to have been abandoned and shall become the absolute property of the corporation and the Health Officer shall dispose of them as he thinks fit.

16. The licensee shall not sell meat in the slaughter-house, but offal and skins may be sold, in such parts of the slaughter-house as may be assigned for the purpose and at such hours, as may be fixed by the Commissioner.

17. Every licensee shall be responsible for any damage done to the slaughterhouse either by his own act or the act of his servants and any such licensee refusing to pay for such damage done to the property of the corporation shall have his licence cancelled and the amount of such damage shall be recoverable as prescribed by section 395 of the Act.

18. No person shall insufflate or blow carcasses nor shall the licensee permit any person to do so.

19. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall enter a slaughter-house, nor shall a leper or any person suffering as aforesaid be employed by a licensee to remove, or assist in the removal of, any carcass or meat from the slaughter-house.

20. No dog shall be permitted to enter any slaughter-house and any dog found therein may be dealt with as a stray dog and destroyed by the Corporation.

21. Any person who is found drunk or disorderly or begging or loitering or making a noise or quarelling or using insulting, abusive or obscene language or misconducting himself in any manner in any slaughter-house premises shall be expelled therefrom by the Superintendent or any other officer in-charge thereof.

22. No person shall spit in any slaughter-house except in such receptacles or places as are provided for such purpose.

23. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws except bye-laws 1, 8,17 and 21 shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Animal Control-Slaughter House-PrivateBye-laws under section 349(14)(a), (b) and (c) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 to provide for the control and supervision of private slaughter houses or places used for skinning or cutting up carcasses, of the methods of slaughtering in them and of butchers carrying on the business in them 36

1. Every application for a licence under section 295 of the Act shall be accompanied by-

(i)the opinion of the Health Officer as to the fitness of the place mentioned in the application for use as a slaughter-house; and

(ii)a plan in duplicate of such place showing clearly the several portions thereof proposed to be used as the slaughtering yard, the skinning place, the airing room, etc., and all other arrangements required for the purpose together with a statement of the particulars mentioned in the Schedule.

2. Every person who has obtained a licence from the Commissioner for the use of any premises as a private slaughter-house shall permit any municipal officer deputed for the purpose to enter the slaughter-house, at any time by day or by night, without notice, and inspect the same.

3. No person shall use any premises, or permit any premises to be used, for the purpose of a slaughter-house or as a lair of cattle kept in connection therewith-

(i)unless such premise, are situated in open ground at a distance of not less than 100 yards from the nearest human habitation or well or other source of domestic water supply; and

(ii)unless they are constructed in accordance with the provisions of bylaws 4 to 7.

4. Every private slaughter-house shall be constructed of masonry and no part thereof shall be constructed of inflammable materials.

5. Every private slaughter-house shall be suitably enclosed by a masonry wall not less than 6 feet high and shall be provided with suitable gateways and gates, and otherwise fully screened from public view.

6. The approach to every private slaughter-house shall not be on an incline of more than 1 in 4 and shall not pass through any dwelling house or shop.

7. The floor of every private slaughter-house shall be at least one foot above the level of the adjoining ground.

8. The owner or occupier of any premises who has obtained from the Commissioner a license for the use of any premises as a private slaughter-house shall cause every part of such slaughter-house to be paved or otherwise made impervious. He shall cause the floor to be sufficiently smooth and sloped towards an impervious masonry drain discharging into an impervious masonry cistern situated outside the slaughter-house. He shall construct the cistern to be of such dimensions as to hold not less than 24 hours flow of waste water from such slaughter-house and cause it to be closely covered and fitted with an air-tight frame and cover and to be completely emptied and cleaned at least once in every 24 hours.

9. He shall cause every part of the compound of such slaughter-house to be paved or metalled and drained to the satisfaction of the Health Officer, and shall cause it to be maintained, at all times, in good order and repair.

10. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation communicating directly with the external air, and lighting upon or in connection with such private slaughter-house and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

11. He shall cause every part of the walls and every part of the floor or pavement of such slaughter-house to be maintained, at all times, in good order and repair so as to prevent the absorption therein of any blood or liquid refuse or filth which may be spilled or splashed thereon or any offensive matter which may be deposited thereon or brought into contact therewith.

12. He shall provide in such slaughter-house a sufficient supply of pure and wholesome water.

13. He shall provide suitable latrine accommodation for persons employed in or using such slaughter-house. He shall construct such latrine or any cesspool attached thereto outside the slaughter-house and its enclosing wall.

14. He shall not permit or suffer any part of such slaughter-house to be used, at any time, for purposes of human habilitation nor shall he permit or suffer any fires to be lighted or any cooking to be done therein.

15. He shall cause every drain or means of drainage which may be provided upon or in connection with such slaughter-house to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

16. He shall cause such slaughter-house to be thoroughly washed and cleansed within three hours after the completion of the slaughtering or dressing and he shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

17. He shall provide suitable covered air-tight non-absorbent receptacles for the deposit of all refuse matter and shall cause such receptacles to be emptied not less than twice in every 24 hours or more often if so required by the Health Officer and disposed of in such manner as may be approved by him.

18. He shall not pass or permit to be passed any solid refuse matter or any solid contents of entrails into any public or private sewer or drain.

19. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of such slaughter-house to be hot limewashed at least four times in every year in the months of January, April, July and October or more often if so required by the Health Officer.

20. No person shall spit in or upon any part of such slaughter-house except in such receptacles or place as are provided for such purpose, nor shall the licensee permit any person to spit except in such receptacles or places as aforesaid.

21. The licensee shall provide in such slaughter-house such means and appliances as the Health Officer may prescribe to enable the dressing of carcasses to be carried on in a clean and sanitary manner.

22. He shall permit the slaughtering of animals in such slaughter-house only during such hours as may, from time to time, be prescribed by Health Officer.

23. He shall not keep or pen therein any animals intended for slaughter, but shall collect them for purposes of inspection at such time and place as may be appointed by the Commissioner and shall not slaughter any animal until it has been inspected and pronounced to be free from disease by an officer (hereinafter refereed to as the Inspecting Officer) appointed by the Commissioner in this behalf.

24. The Inspecting Officer shall reject such animals as may for any reason appear to him unfit to be slaughtered for human consumption. The owner of an animal so rejected shall cause it to be forthwith removed; but any such animal if found to be affected with infectious or contagious disease shall be seized and destroyed and disposed of in such manner as to prevent its being used for human food or exposed for sale and any expenses that may be incurred in such seizure, destruction and disposal shall be borne by the owner of the animal.

25. The licensee shall not admit any dying or dead animal into the slaughterhouse, nor shall he admit any animal found to be affected with infectious or contagious disease, but shall forthwith intimate to the Health Officer the facts of the case and segregate the animals in an isolated part of the building and shall not return them to the owner until the animals have been inspected by an officer of the [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996).] Corporation and necessary orders are issued by him thereon.

Explanation. - This by-law shall not apply to the case of an animal which has met with an accident rendering it unfit for further work, if it is brought to the slaughter-house immediately after the accident.

26. Every person employed in the slaughtering of animals in any private slaughter-house shall use such instruments and appliances and shall adopt such methods of slaughtering and otherwise take such precautions as may be requisite to secure the infliction of as little pain or suffering as practicable.

27. Every person engaged in a slaughter-house in driving or bringing any animal to the place of slaughter shall (a) avoid so far as practicable driving or bringing the animal over any ground which is likely to cause the animal to slip or fall and (b) otherwise adopt such methods and precautions as will prevent the infliction upon the animal of unnecessary suffering or pain.

28. No person shall in a slaughter-house slaughter or cause or suffer to be slaughtered any animal or cause or suffer its carcass to be dressed in the view of another animal.

29. The licensee shall not cause or allow any blood or other refuse to flow from such slaughter-house so as to be within the sight or (so far as it is practicable to avoid it) within the smell of any animal in the slaughter-house and he shall not cause or allow any such blood or other refuse to be deposited in. the waiting pens or lairs.

30. Every person who brings animals into a slaughter-house for slaughter shall keep them at the waiting pen or lair provided for the purpose, for a period of not less than 48 hours before slaughter, and during such time or any subsequent extension thereof, the animals shall be fed at the expense of such person.

31. An officer appointed by the Commissioner shall stamp all carcasses and meat from a private slaughter-house. No person shall remove carcasses and meat from a slaughter-house to any market or other place except in a suitable covered vehicles of a pattern and size approved by the Health Officer and specially set apart for the purpose. Such person shall, during such removal, conceal the carcasses and meat from the public view and completely protect them from flies and dust. Persons providing such vehicles shall, at all times, keep the same in a clean and sanitary condition and in good order and repair.

32. The licensee shall not permit the sale of meat in any private slaughterhouse, but may allow the sale of offal and skins in such places as may be assigned therein for such purposes and at such hours as may be fixed by the Health Officer.

33. The licensee shall cause the removal from such slaughter-house, skin, entrails and all other offal within three hours of the completion of slaughtering or dressing.

34. No person shall insufflate or blow any carcass.

35. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall enter any private slaughter-house, nor shall a leper or any person suffering as aforesaid be employed by the licensee to remove or assist in the removal of carcasses or meat from the slaughter-house.

36. No dog shall be kept or permitted in any private slaughter-house. Any dogs found therein shall be dealt with as stray dogs.

37. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Bye Laws Food Control-Milk[Bye-laws under section 349(16), (17) and (29) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 (Tamil Nadu Act IV of 1919), to provide for enforcing the cleanliness of milk stores and milk shops and vessels and utensils used by the keepers thereof, or by hawkers for containing or measuring milk or preparing any milk product, and for enforcing the cleanliness of persons employed in the milk trade, requiring notice to be given whenever any milch animal is affected with any contagious disease and prescribing the precautions to be taken in order to protect milch cattle and milk against infection and contamination.] [Issued in G. O. No. 3177, L&M, and published in Notification No. 1512 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 29th August, 1931.]

1. No building used as a milk store or milk shop shall be constructed of inflammable materials.

2. The keeper of every premises used as a milk store or milk shop shall cause the flooring of every building on such premises to be paved or otherwise made impervious and drained to the satisfaction of the Health Officer and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and repair.

3. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation and lighting upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

4. He shall cause every drain or means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

5. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the wall and ceiling of every building in such premises to be hot limewashed at least twice in every year in the months of April and October or more often if so required by the Health Officer.

6. He shall provide a sufficient and good supply of water in such premises.

7. He shall cause the premises to be thoroughly washed and cleaned at least once in every twenty-four hours.

8. He shall provide in such premises a sufficient number of counters, shelves or benches for keeping milk vessels and utensils and shall cause such counters, shelves or benches to be thoroughly washed and cleansed at least once in every twenty-four hours; he shall not, at any time, keep such milk vessels and utensils on the ground.

9. He shall not permit any part of any premises used as a milk store or milk shop to be used, at any time, for purposes of human habilitation.

10. Every keeper of a milk store or shop or dealer in or importer or seller or hawker of milk or dairy produce shall, in the course of his business, use only vessels of aluminium, brass or enamel or vessels made of earthenware or such other material as may be approved by the Health Officer and such vessels shall be kept, at all times, in good order and repair, and in a dean and sanitary condition and shall not be used for any purpose other than that for which they are primarily intended.

11. Every vessel used for keeping or storing milk shall be provided with a tight fitting cover.

12. He shall cause every vessel or utensil for containing or measuring milk or preparing any dairy produce to be rinsed with boiling water and thoroughly cleansed before and after use. He shall also, before and after handling such milk or dairy produce, thoroughly wash his hands.

13. He shall take all reasonable and proper precautions in connection with the collection, storage and distribution of milk and otherwise to prevent any infection, contamination or adulteration of such milk.

14. He shall not deposit or keep milk intended for sale -

(a)in any room or place where it would be liable to become infected or contaminated by impure air, or by any offensive, noxious or deleterious gas or substance or by any noxious or injurious emanation, exhalation or effluvium, or

(b)in any dwelling house or room or place used for sleeping or cooking, or

(c)in any room where any other trade is carried on, or

(d)in any room or building or part of a building communicating directly by door, window or otherwise with any room used as sleeping room or in which there may be any person suffering from any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease or which may have been used by any person suffering from any such disease and may not have been properly disinfected, or

(e)in any room or building or part of a building in which there may be any direct inlet to any drain or which opens on to a gully or with which a latrine communicates directly.

15. He shall not without the written permission of the Health Officer sell or cause to be sold or use or cause to be used the milk and milk products of any animal if such animal appears to be in ill health or if such animal suffers from any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease, or if its udders or teats have any eruption or glandular swelling, or are affected with rinderpest or are in any way in an unhealthy condition. The fact that such animal is in any such condition shall be forthwith reported to the Health Officer or the Divisional Sanitary Inspector.

16. No person engaged in preparing, selling, distributing or assisting in the preparation, sale or distribution of milk and dairy produce shall, after knowingly coming in contact or communication with any person suffering from any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease, continue to engage in such business without the written permission of the Health Officer. On the occurrence of any such disease in his house, he shall cease to carry on such business and shall not resume such business without the written permission of the Health Officer.

17. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall prepare, sell or distribute or assist in the preparation, sale or distribution of milk or dairy produce.

18. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(a)with fine which may extend to fifty rupees, and in the case of continuing breach, with fine which may extend to fifteen rupees for every day during which the breach continues after conviction for the first breach, or

(b)with fine which may extent to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Trade Control-Markets-Private[Bye-laws under section 349(18)(a) and (b) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919, to provide for the inspection of private markets and shops and other places therein and for the regulation of their use and the control of their sanitary condition] [Issued in G O. No. 2 673, P. H.and published in Notification No. 338 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated 13th July, 1937.]

1. Every private market shall, without notice, be open to inspection by the Commissioner or any officer authorized by him in this behalf at any time by day or by night when such market is being used.

2. No person shall use any building as a private market, unless-

(a)it is constructed of masonry; and

(b)every part thereof is constructed of non-inflammable materials.

3. The owner, occupier or farmer of any premises who has obtained from the Commissioner, a licence to use such premises as a private market shall construct suitable approaches, entrances, passages, and gates for such market.

4. He shall, for the purpose of storing or exposing goods for sale therein, construct a sufficient number of stalls, shops, rooms, etc., of such design and dimensions as the Commissioner may direct.

5. He shall provide passages of sufficient width between the stalls.

6. He shall, if so required by the Commissioner, cause the whole or any portion of such market to be roofed.

7. He shall cause the flooring of every stall and every other building in such premises to be paved or otherwise made impervious and drained to the satisfaction of the Commissioner. Such flooring shall be kept, at all times, in good order and repair.

8. He shall cause every approach and passage or gangway in such premises to be paved or metalled or gravelled and sloped and drained to the satisfaction of the Commissioner.

9. He shall cause every drain or means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises to be maintained at all times in good order and efficient action.

10. He shall, if so required by the Commissioner, provide in connection with such drains, covered cesspits constructed of masonry containing receptacles and of such dimensions as the Commissioner may direct. Such receptacles shall be emptied as often as may be necessary at least twice in every twenty-four hours.

11. He shall provide suitable means of-ventilation and lighting upon or in connection with such passages stall, and other building in such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

12. He shall provide in such premises a sufficient supply of wholesome water.

13. He shall cause every part of such premises to be thoroughly cleansed as often as may be necessary and at least twice in every twenty four hours and shall prevent any accumulation of filth or refuse therein.

14. He shall provide suitable covered, air tight non-absorbent receptacles for the deposit of all refuse matter and such receptacle shall be emptied at least twice in every twenty-four hours.

15. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building upon such premises to be hot lime washed to the satisfaction of the Health Officer at least four times in every year in the months of January, April, July and October or more often if so required by the Health Officer.

16. He shall provide in such premises latrines of such description and in such position and number as the Commissioner may prescribe.

17. He shall not permit or suffer any market, stalls or godowns in such premises to be used, at any time, for purposes of human habitation.

18. He shall, when so required by the Health Officer, cause any articles in such premises to be aired and exposed to the sun.

19. He shall not permit any articles to be kept or sold or exposed for sale in any portion of any passages, approaches or gangways in such premises.

20. No person shall, in any such market, use weights, scales and measures except such standard weights, scales and measures as may be prescribed by the Commissioner, from time to time.

21. He shall not permit to be sold or exposed for sale in such market any article of food or drink which is noxious, unwholesome or otherwise unfit for human consumption.

22. He shall not permit the sale of animal and vegetable food articles in the same stall. Separate stalls should be allotted for each kind of foodstuff the one being sufficiently screened from the other.

23. No person shall spit in or upon any part of such premises except in such receptacles or places as are provided for such purposes.

24. The licensee shall, at all times, take suitable steps to keep every building in such premises free from rats or other rodents.

25. He shall not permit the use of any naked light nor shall he permit any fire to be lighted or any cooking to be done in any market, stall or godown.

26. He shall, if required by the Commissioner, appoint a suitable person to be in charge of such market.

27. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall be permitted to enter or carry on any business or be employed in or assist in the carrying on of any business in such premises.

28. No dog or cattle shall be permitted in any private market.

29. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Trade Control-Markets-Public[Bye-laws under section 349(18)(a) and (b) and (29) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919, to provide for the inspection of public markets and shops and other places therein and for the regulation of their use and the control of their sanitary condition] [Issued in G. O No. 1673, P. H. and published in Notification No. 338 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 13th July 1937.]

1. A public market shall, for the purposes of these by-laws, include the land with the buildings thereon belonging to the Corporation which it has or may hereafter set apart for such purpose and shall also include all roads and vacant lands within such limits.

2. Every person working for hire as a coolie within the limits of a public market shall obtain from the Commissioner or any officer authorised in this behalf, a licence for such purpose and no person shall work as a coolie for hire in the market without such licence. Licences granted under this by-law are not transferable. Nothing in this by-law shall apply to a private servant employed by any person to carry any articles purchased in the market.

3. Every licensed coolie shall, when he is in such market, wear such badge or dress as may be prescribed by the Commissioner. Such badge or dress may be obtained from the Commissioner on payment of such fees as may, from time to time, be fixed by him.

4. Every coolie shall obey all orders of the Superintendent or any other officer in charge of such market.

5. Every such market shall be kept open for use by the public during such hours as may be fixed, from time to time, by the Commissioner. A notice to that effect shall be affixed in some conspicuous place in the market. No person shall, without the written permission of the Commissioner, enter or remain in any such market except during such hours.

6. Every tenant or occupier of any building, shop, stall or other place in a public market shall cause the same to be thoroughly cleansed as often as may be necessary and at least twice in every twenty-four hours; He shall cause all refuse matter collected from such building, shop, stall or other place to be deposited in such receptacle as may be provided for the purpose in the market.

7. No person shall waste the water supplied in any such market by the Corporation.

8. (a) The Commissioner may, by notice in English and Tamil, declare that after a specified date, no article or class of articles shall be sold or exposed for sale in any public market except in such part thereof as may be specified in that behalf.

(b)The said notice shall be affixed in some conspicuous place in the market.

(c)After the publication of such notice, no person shall sell or expose for sale any article in such market except in accordance with the terms of such notice.

9. No tenant or occupier of any building, shop, stall or other place in such market shall store or expose for sale or cause or permit to be stored or exposed for sale any article so as to project beyond the limits of such building, shop, stall or other place.

10. The tenant or occupier of any building, shop, stall or other place in such market shall, before closing the same, extinguish or cause to be extinguished any light which may be used in such building, shop, stall or other place.

11. No person shall use any naked light nor shall any person light any fire or cook in any part of such market.

12. No person shall sell or expose for sale in such market, any meat, fish, vegetables, fruits or other articles of food and drink which are noxious. Meat which has been subjected to the process of blowing or which b other artificial means is made to appear to be in a condition differing from its real condition shall be deemed to be noxious.

13. No person shall carry any meat or offal in a market unless it is properly covered.

14. No tenant or occupier or a servant of a tenant or occupier of any building, stall, or stand in the market used for sale or exposure or preparation for sale, of any carcass or meat shall cleave such carcass or meat elsewhere than upon a cleaving block or chooping board or otherwise than when properly attached to or suspended from the hooks provided for the purpose in upon or in connection with such building stall or stand.

15. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall enter such market or carry on any business or be employed in or assist in the carrying on of any business in such market. Any person committing a breach of this by-law may be expelled from such market by the Superintendent or any other officer in charge thereof.

16. No vehicle or animal other than those intended for sale shall be permitted to remain in any part of a market except in such places provided for the purpose. No person in charge of any wagon, cart, truck, barrow, or other vehicle or of any beast of burden shall cause or allow such vehicle or beast to stand in any avenue or passage in such market or in any of the immediate approaches thereto for any longer time than shall be reasonably necessary for the loading or unloading of any goods, provisions or any other marketable commodities or articles that might be brought therein.

17. No dog shall be permitted to enter any such market and dog found therein shall be dealt with as a stray dog.

18. No person shall spit, or wilfully or negligently throw in any avenue or passage in such market any article, except in such receptacles or places as may be provided for the purpose.

19. The Superintendent or any other officer in charge of the market may expel any person who is found drunk or begging or loitering or making noise or fighting or quarrelling or using insulting, abusive or obscene language or misconducting himself or creating a disturbance in any manner in such market.

20. Every tenant or occupier of any shop, stall, godown stand or other place in such market shall, at all times, afford free access thereto for purposes of inspection by the Commissioner or any other officer deputed for the purpose.

21. Every tenant and occupier and every servant of a tenant or occupier of any shop, stall, godown, stand or other place in such market shall, at all times, be decently and properly dressed when present in the market.

22. Every tenant or occupier of any shop, stall, godown, stand or other place in such market or any person resorting thereto shall be responsible for any damage done to such market either by his own act or by the act of his servant or assistant and shall pay compensation for such damage.

23. Except in cases where the right of collection of rent is leased out on contract, no person shall-

(a)occupy or use any shop, stall, godown, stand or other place in any such market, except as the immediate tenant or occupier under the Corporation;

(b)not being the immediate tenant or occupier under the Corporation, or an employee of such immediate tenant or occupier, sell or offer or expose for sale or deposit for sale or otherwise, any articles in or upon any shop, stall, godown, stand or other place in any such market; and

(c)assign, sub-let or part with the possession of any shop, stall, godown, stand or other place in any such market.

24. Every tenant or occupier of any shop, stall, godown, stand or other place in any such market, who shall employ another person to carry on his business at such shop, stall, godown, stand or other place on his behalf and as his substitute, shall register the name of such person with the Superintendent or any other officer in charge of the market.

25. He shall forthwith cease to employ at such shop, stall, godown, stand or other place, any person whose employment in that capacity may be prohibited in writing by the Commissioner.

26. No person shall hold any sale by auction in any such market without the written permission of the Commissioner

27. No tenant or occupier of any shop, stall, godown, stand or other place in such market shall solicit customers in any manner.

28. No person shall in any such market -

(a)hawk any articles, or

(b)use any weights, scales or measures except such standard weights, scales and measures as may be prescribed by the Commissioner, from time to time.

29. No person shall loiter or stand in any avenues or passages of any such market, or its immediate approaches to the annoyance or obstruction of any person.

30. No person shall sleep in any shop, stall, godown, stand or other place in any such market.

31. No tenant or occupier of any shop, stall, godown, stand or other place in such market shall retain a lien on his shop or stall during absence therefrom unless he pays full rent for it during such absence and no such lien shall exist after an absence of fifteen consecutive days.

The rent shall be paid regularly on or before the 5th of every month in the case of monthly rents and at or before 5 p.m. every day in the case of daily rents. In case of default, irrespective of penalty provided in by-law 33, the goods in such shop, stall, godown, stand or other place maybe distrained and sold and the proceeds credited to rent, the balance, if any, being returnable. After such distraint, the tenant or occupier of such shop or other place will have no lien thereon and the same may be assigned to others.

32.

(1)A licensed coolie shall not, while plying for hire in any such market, cause annoyance to any person.

(2)Every licensed coolie in such market shall, at all times, while plying for hire conduct himself with civility and propriety towards every person hiring or seeking to hire his services, and shall comply with every reasonable requirement of any person hiring his services (and shall in all respects obey the orders of the Superintendent or any other officer in charge of the market).

33. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(a)with fine which may extend to fifty rupees and in case of continuing breach with fine which may extend to fifteen rupees for ever, day during which the breach continues after conviction for the first breach; or

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Bye-laws under section 349(20) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919, for prescribing standard weights, scales and measures] [Issued in G. O. No. 3108, L. & M. and published in Notification No. 776 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated 20th July, 1976.]

1. Scales other than weighing machines shall have a fulcrum' pointer. They shall satisfy the conditions of equilibrium, i.e., they shall be stable and sensitive.

2. There shall be kept in the office of the Corporation of [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996).], a set of standard weights and measures stamped in token of their being such by the Collector of [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996).].

3. No person who sells articles to the public or acts as a broker or commission agent or carries on a similar business shall use any scales which are not stable, sensitive or accurate in their working or use any weights and measures which are not specified in the Schedule and stamped as such by the Collector of [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996).].

A weight or measure stamped as aforesaid shall not in any manner whatsoever be altered or modified so as to affect the accuracy thereof.

4. All standard weights in use shall bear rimmed edges to prevent mutilation.

5. Any person who, in the sale of articles to the public, uses scales, weights or measures in contravention of by-law No; 3 or by-law No. 4 shall, in addition to the penalty prescribed in by-law No. 8, be liable to have such scales, weights or measures seized, detained and disposed of in such manner as the Commissioner thinks fit.

6. Every workman, measurer, trader, broker or commission agent shall produce or cause to be produced for examination and test all scales, weights or measures used by him when required so to do by the Commissioner, or by any officer of, and above the grade of, a Sanitary Inspector in the Health Department of the Corporation of [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996).] so authorized in this behalf. Such official shall have the right to inspect and examine the scales, weights or measures used by workmen, measurers, traders, brokers or commission agents within municipal limits. Such scales, weights or measures, if found defective, shall be tested in the Health Department of Corporation of [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996).] by the Health Officer or by one of his Assistants before prosecution under by-law No. 8 is resorted to.

7. After the date of the passing of these by-laws, all dealings and contracts had and made within the municipal limits for any work to be done or goods or articles to be sold or delivered by weight, length or in the case of liquids or goods sold by dry measure by capacity shall in the absence of a contract to the contrary be deemed to be had and made according to the weights and measures herein provided under the Schedule.

8. Whoever commits a. breach of by-laws 1,3,4,5 and 6 above shall be punishable, on conviction before a Magistrate, with fine which may extend to Rs 20 for a first offence and Rs. 50 for a subsequent offence.

Schedule

Weights

Table of weights		List of single weights
8 Palams = 1 Seer		1.2 Palams
5 Seers = 1 Viss		⅛, ¼, ½, 1 Viss
8 Viss = 1 Maund		¼, ½, 1 Maund
English Avoirdupois Weight
16 Oz = 1 Lb.		1 Oz.
		28 Lbs. = 1 Qr.
Measures
Table of dry measures		List of single dry measures
8 Ollocks = 1 Measure or padi		1/32, 1/16, ⅛, ¼, Measure or padi, ½,1 Marakkal
8 Measures or padis = 1 Marakkal		List of single (fluid) measures
8 Ollocks 48 Drams or = 1 Measures		¼, ½ Dram
4 imperial quarts) = 1 Gallon Measures		¼, ½, 1,2 Gallons

[Bye-laws under section 349 (21) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 for the prevention of sale or exposure for sale of unwholesome articles of food] [Notification No. 68 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 22nd January 1923.]

1. Prohibition against sale of articles of food intended for human consumption without obtaining sanitary certificate. - No person shall, without or otherwise than in conformity with a sanitary certificate from the Health Officer or other officer appointed by the Commissioner-

(a)use or storage for sale of articles intended for human consumption, or

(b)carry on, within the city, the trade or business of a dealer in or seller or hawker of such articles.

2. Application for sanitary certificate to be made to the Health Officer Sanitary certificate to be granted free for hawkers, but they should wear badges. - Application for the sanitary certificate shall be made to the Health Officer or Other officer appointed by the Commissioner in the first month of every official year or in the case of a place to be newly opened, one fortnight before the opening of such place and such certificate may be refused or granted either unconditionally or upon conditions laid down by the Health Officer or other officer appointed by the Commissioner. The sanitary certificate, shall, in the case of hawkers, be supplemented by a badge which shall be worn on a prominent part of the body. No fees shall be charged for a sanitary certificate but a nominal fee shall be charged for the badge. Such a certificate is not necessary in the case of places coming under the purview of section 287 of the [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996).] City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919.

3. Articles intended for sale or kept for sale for human consumption to be inspected by the Commissioner and other such officer of the Corporation. - Every place where articles intended for human food are manufactured, prepared or stored, packed or cleaned o-kept for purposes of sale or sold shall be subject to the control of the Commissioner and other officers of the Corporation and to their inspection at any time, day and night and no man shall prevent or obstruct such inspection.

4. Articles for sale for human food should not be unwholesome and not to be kepi alongside any open drain or sewer. - No person shall keep or expose for sale any article intended for human food which is unwholesome or unfit for human consumption nor shall any such article be kept or exposed for sale over or alongside any open drain.

5. Articles for sale for human consumption should be kept uncontaminated. - Every place where articles intended for human food are exposed for sale or kept for the purpose of sale shall always be kept in a dean and sanitary condition.

6. Every person dealing in meat, fish or other provisions intended for human consumption shall adopt such measures to avoid deterioration of such articles and prevent contamination in any manner whatsoever of such articles as shall be prescribed by the Commissioner or the Health Officer.

7. Articles of food not to be stored in rooms where persons sleep or reside. - No person shall store, for the purpose of sale, meat, fish, milk or any such other articles of food as are likely to absorb noxious gases or vapours in any room or place in which persons sleep or reside or where animals are kept or in any room or place opening directly into a place where animals are kept or which communicates directly with a latrine.

8. No person shall transmit any article of food intended for sale and likely to be contaminated in the process of transmission, except in such manner as shall prevent all reasonable chances of contamination.

9. Article of food not to be sold by persons affected with infectious disease. - No person who is suffering from any infectious or contagious disease or from leprosy or open sores shall be engaged in the sale of articles of food intended for human consumption.

10. Penalty. - Any person offending against any of these by-laws shall be punishable -

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Bye-laws under section 349(22)(a) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919, for the regulation of burial and burning grounds and other places for the disposal of corpses] [Published in Notification No. 902 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 30th August 1921.]

1. Depth of grave - Every person who buries or causes to be buried any corpse or part of a corpse in a grave whether dug or constructed of masonry or otherwise shall do it in such a manner that the surface of the coffin or the surface of the body where no coffin is used, is not at a less depth than five feet from the surface of the ground.

2. Marginal space around a grave - Every person who builds or digs or causes to be build or dug any grave in any burial ground, shall leave a space of at least two feet from the margin of any other existing grave.

3. Burial or cremation to be made within the place demarcated - No person shall bury or bum or cause to be buried or burnt any corpse except in the place demarcated for the purpose by the Health Officer or any person authorised by him in that behalf.

4. Time for retaining a corpse in the burial ground before burial - Every corpse or part of a corpse shall be buried within three hours after it has been brought to any burial ground.

5. Sanction to re-open a grave already occupied - No person shall, without the sanction, in writing, of the Commissioner or an order in writing, of a Magistrate re-open a grave already occupied.

6. Time for retaining a corpse in the burning ground before burning - Every person who brings or conveys or causes to be brought or conveyed a corpse or part thereof to any burning ground, shall cause the burning of the same to commence within three hours after its arrival at such burning ground.

7. Complete burning of corpse - No person, when burning or causing to be burnt a corpse or part of a corpse in any burning ground, shall permit the same or any part thereof to remain without being completely reduced to ashes.

8. Complete burning of clothes, etc., put on dead body - No person shall permit clothes or articles connected with the burning of such corpse to remain at or near such ground without being completely reduced to ashes.

9. Corpse to be covered and carried - No person shall carry a corpse or part of a corpse through any street otherwise than decently covered.

10. Prohibition against exposure of corpse - No person, while carrying a corpse or part of a corpse within the city, shall leave or expose the same in or near any street for any purpose whatever.

11. Receptacle for corpse intended for dissection - No person shall remove, otherwise than in a closed receptacle, any corpse or part of a corpse kept or used for the purpose of dissection.

12. Procedure in regard to burial in any vault or masonry grave - No corpse shall be buried in any vault or masonry grave provided with a permanent floor which it is intended at any time within 14 years to reopen, unless the coffin be separately entombed in an air-tight manner by properly cemented stone or brick work which shall never be disturbed.

13. Number of corpses to be buried in a grave at a time - One body only shall be buried in a grave at one time, unless the bodies be those of the members of the same family.

14. Conditions for re-opening a grave - No non-masonry grave or masonry grave unprovided with the separate air-tight compartment prescribed in by-law 12 shall be re-opened within 14 years after the burial of a person above 12 years of age or within 8 years after the burial of a child under 12 years of age, to bury another member of the same family unless a layer of earth not less than one foot thick be left undisturbed over the previously buried coffin. If on opening any grave, any soil is found to be offensive such soil shall be left undisturbed. There shall never be less than three feet of earth between the topmost coffin and the grave.

15. Conditions for disinterring a body - No body that has not been duly embalmed and enclosed in an air-tight coffin shall be disinterred without the permission of the Commissioner. Such permission may be granted on the following conditions:-

(a)The grave should be well soaked a day before the disinterment with a solution of perchloride of mercury of the strength of 1 in 1000.

(b)While the grave is being disturbed, it should be frequently sprinkled with mercury lotion of the above strength.

(c)The persons of the grave diggers should be washed before and after the disinterment with a solution of perchloride of mercury of the strength of 1 in 5,000.

(d)A medical subordinate should be present at the disinterment in order to ensure that the above precautions are taken.

16. Penalty for non-compliance of the by-laws - Any person offending against any of these by-laws shall be punishable -

(a)with a fine which may extend to fifty rupees and in the case of continuing breach with a fine which may extend to fifteen rupees for every day during which the breach continues, after conviction for the first breach, or

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Bye-laws under sub-section (25) of section 349 of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919, for the prevention of dangerous diseases of men and animals, prevention of rabies] [Issued in G. O. No. 3385, L&M, and Published in Notification No. 860 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 3rd August 1926.]

1. The owner of every dog kept within municipal limits shall provide it with a leather or metal collar and a metal badge fixed thereto bearing the number of the licence obtained under section 121 of the Act.

2. Any dog found straying without its owner in or about the premises of any market, slaughter-house, cart stand, hotel, cinema, toddy or arrack shop, cafe, eating house, rest house, choultry, etc. shall be liable to be captured by any person authorized by the Commissioner under section 281 of the Act, and detained in dogs home or any other place appointed by the Commissioner for this purpose. Such detention shall, ordinarily, be for 72 hours, but may extend for such longer time as the Commissioner may consider necessary; and every such person authorized by the Commissioner to capture dogs shall wear a badge obtained from the Commissioner and shall be bound to show it to the owner of the dog if so demanded.

3. Any dog found at large in any public street without a collar and badge bearing the municipal licence number and any dog found at large in any public street or place between the hours of 11 p.m. and 5 a.m. shall, if possible, be captured and detained as provided in by-law 2 or if it cannot be captured may be destroyed by any person authorized in this behalf by the Commissioner.

4. Dogs detained under by-law 2 or by-law 3 may be recovered by their owner on payment of a fee of Rs. 2 within 72 hours of capture or such longer period as the Commissioner may have appointed.

5. In the case of dogs so detained, the officer in charge of the dogs home or other place shall, at once, send to the owner of every dog wearing a numbered badge a notice stating that, if within the time stated in such notice the owner does not pay Rs. 2 and take the dog away from the place of detention, it will be sold in auction or destroyed.

6. Dogs detained under by-law 2 or by-law 3 and not removed by their owners within 72 hours or such a longer period, if any, as may have been specified in the notice issued under by-law 5 shall be disposed of as follows:-

(a)If they are valuable dogs and the Health Officer has no reason to believe them to be suffering from rabies or any infectious skin diseases, the dogs shall be sold in auction by the Health Officer and the sale proceeds credited to the municipal funds.

(b)Other dogs shall be destroyed at the expiry of 72 hours latter capture of after or such longer period as may have been specified in the notice, if any, issued under by-law 5, if within that period they have not been removed from the place of detention by their owner on payment of the fee prescribed in by-law 4.

7. Any Veterinary Officer not lower in rank than a Veterinary Assistant Surgeon attached to the [Tamil Nadu] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by Tamil Nadu adaptation of Laws Order, 1969.] Civil Veterinary Department or to the Corporation and working within the limits of the City of [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996).] may destroy any dog which, in his opinion, is suffering from rabies or detain any dog if he suspects it to be showing symptoms of rabies.

8. The Health Officer or the Principal, Chennai Veterinary College may direct that any dog which he knows or suspects to be suffering from rabies or which has been bitten or snapped at by any rabid or suspicious dog, jackal or other animal shall either be destroyed immediately by the owner or any person authorized in this behalf by the Commissioner or at the option of the owner confined under observation at the owner's expense in the dogs' home or other place appointed for the purpose for such period as the Commissioner or Health Officer may fix.

9. Any person who has in his possession any dog which he knows or has reason to believe to be suffering from rabies or to have been bitten or snapped at by any rabid or suspicious dog, jackal or other animal shall, immediately, intimate the fact in writing to the Health Officer or Divisional Sanitary Inspector.

10. Whoever commits a breach of by-law 1,8 or 9 shall be punishable-

(a)with a fine which may extend to fifty rupees and in case of a continuing breach, with fine which may extend to fifteen rupees for every day during which the breach continues after conviction for the first breach; or

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after; receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Bye-LawsDefinition[Bye-laws under clause (25) of section 349 of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919, for the prevention of the spread of infection from dangerous disease by means of public conveyances] [Notification No. 2230 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 16th December 1930.]For the purpose of these by-laws, "dangerous disease" means cholera, plague, small pox, tuberclosis, diptheria, enteric fever, typhoid fever and measles and any other disease notified by Government as such under section 329 of the Act.

1. No person suffering from a dangerous disease shall be engaged as a driver, conductor or in any other capacity in any public conveyance.

2. No person shall knowingly take or cause to be taken in any public conveyance, any article which he knows, or has reason to know, has been exposed to infection from any dangerous disease without previously disinfecting it:

Provided that nothing in this by-law shall apply to a person who takes or causes to be taken with proper precautions any article for the purpose of having it disinfected.

3. No owner or driver or person in charge of a public conveyance shall be bound to carry any article, which he knows or has reason to know, has been exposed to infection from any dangerous disease, or the corpse of any person who has died of such disease, unless and until he is paid or tendered a sum sufficient to cover any loss or cost that may be incurred in disinfecting such conveyance.

4. No owner or driver or person in charge of public conveyance shall knowingly carry or permit to be carried in such conveyance, any article which he knows or has reason to know, has been exposed to infection from any dangerous disease in contravention of by-law No. 2.

5. No owner, driver or person in charge of a public conveyance in which the corpse of any person who has died of any dangerous disease or any article which has been exposed to infection from such disease has been carried, shall use such conveyance again for the carriage of passengers or goods unless it has been properly disinfected to the satisfaction of the Health Officer and a certificate to this effect has been obtained from the said officer or any officer duly authorized by him in this behalf.

6. No person who is suffering from a dangerous disease shall spit in or on any part of a public conveyance

7. The owner or driver or other person in charge of a public conveyance shall afford all facilities to the Commissioner, the Health Officer or any person specially empowered by the Commissioner or the Health Officer in this behalf for the inspection of such conveyance whenever it is in use on the road for the purpose of verifying whether the provisions of these by-laws are being observed.

8. If the Commissioner or the Health Officer or any other officer duly authorised under by-law 5 is of opinion that the cleansing or disinfecting of any public conveyance or part thereof or of any article therein which is likely to retain infection, will prevent or check or tend to prevent or check the spread of any dangerous disease, he may, by notice, require the owner or driver or person in charge of such conveyance to cleanse or disinfect the same in the manner and within the time specified in such notice, or in the alternative, may carry out such cleansing or disinfection himself at the cost of the owner of the conveyance.

9. [ [As amended in Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 13th March, 1931.] Whoever commits a breach of by-laws 1, 2, and 4 to 7 shall be punishable-

(a)with a fine which may extend to fifty rupees, and in case of a continuing breach, with fine which may extend to fifteen rupees for everyday during which the breach continues after conviction for the first breach, or

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues, after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.]

[Bye-laws under section 349(25) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 to provide for the prevention of dangerous disease of men or animals] [Issued in G. O. No. 2024, L&M and Published in Notification No. 848 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 29th May 1935.]

1. No person shall retain in any premises the corpse of any person who has died of any dangerous disease for more than 12 hours except with the permission of the Health Officer. Such person shall remove the corpse within that period to a burial or burning ground, or other place for the disposal of corpses.

2. If a person dies in a hospital of any dangerous disease, the person in charge of the hospital shall not allow the corpse of such person to be removed to any place other than a burial, or burning ground or other place for the disposal of corpses.

3. Any one who removed the corpse of any person who has died of any dangerous disease shall bury or bum with such corpse, any cloths or clothes used for conveying the same.

4. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome infectious or contagious disease shall carry on the calling of a washerman or barber or be employed in or assist in the carrying on of such calling. No leper and no person suffering as aforesaid shall beg in any public street.

5. No washerman shall carry on his calling on the occurrence of any dangerous disease in his premises and he shall not resume his calling without the written permission of the Health Officer.

6. On the occurrence of any dangerous disease in his premises, a washerman shall retain all clothes in his possession until the written permission of the Health Officer has been obtained to return them to the owners.

7. A washerman shall, at once, report to the Health Officer or the Divisional Sanitary Inspector, all cases of dangerous disease coming to his notice in the course of his calling.

8. The person in charge of any premises used for carrying on the calling of a dhobi shall store or cause to be stored soiled clothes in separate rooms.

9. No person shall wash soiled clothes in the source or sources of the public water supply.

10. The owner or occupier of any premises shall give immediate notice to the Health Officer of the occurrence of any dangerous disease among any animals kept in such premises and shall segregate or remove such animals to such place as the Health Officer may direct.

11. No person shall flay or cut up in any circumstances the body of any animal which has died of anthrax, glanders, rinderpest or tetanus and the owner or person in charge of such body shall forthwith remove the same and bum it or bury it at least six feet deep after completely covering it with a layer of lime at least one inch in depth.

12. The Commissioner or the Health Officer may seize any article which is infected, or if suspected to be infected, with anthrax or tetanus and cause it to be disinfected and returned to the owner. Where in the opinion of the Health Officer, such disinfection is not possible, the Commissioner or the Health Officer shall cause such article to be forthwith destroyed

13. If in the opinion of the Health Officer, there is imminent danger of the introduction of dangerous epidemic disease, the Commissioner may (with the sanction of the local Government) by public notice prohibit the entry into municipal limits of person or persons during a specified period. No vagrant or professional beggar, shall after such notice and during such specified period, enter the municipal limits.

14. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws except by-law 12 shall be punishable-

(a)with fine which may extend to fifty rupees, and in case of continuing breach, with fine which may extend to fifteen rupees for every day during which the breach continues after conviction for the first breach; or

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Bye-laws under section 349(25) and (29) for the regulation of private hospitals and nursing homes for the treatment of dangerous diseases of persons in the city of Chennai] [G.O. No. 2138, P. H. Notification No. 396 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 21st May 1940.]

1. No person shall carry on in the City of [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996).] a private hospital or nursing home for the treatment of any of the dangerous diseases specified in section 3(10)(a) of the [Chennai City Municipal Act, 1919] [Now, the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919.], or any other dangerous disease which may be notified, from time to time, by the [Provincial Government] [Now, the State Government.] under section 329 of the said Act, without obtaining a certificate of registration from the Commissioner, Corporation of Chennai.

2. The Commissioner may refuse registration of a private hospital or nursing home, if he is satisfied-

(a)that by reason of its situation, construction, accommodation, staffing or equipment, the institution is objectionable; or

(b)that the institution is not under the charge of a medical practitioner registered under the [Tamil Nadu] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by Adaptation of Laws Order, 1969.] Medical Registration Act, 1914; or that the proportions of nurses registered under the [Tamil Nadu] [G.O. No. 692, P. H. Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 11th June 1936.] Nurses and Midwives Act, 1926, employed in the institution to the number of beds is less than 1:14.

3. The certificate of registration shall be kept affixed in some conspicuous part of the private hospital or nursing home.

4. The Commissioner may, by an order in writing, cancel any certificate of registration on any of the grounds which would entitle him to refuse the registration of a private hospital or nursing home.

5. The Commissioner, Health Officer, or any person duly authorized by the Commissioner, may enter any private hospital or nursing home at all reasonable times for the inspection of the premises and records.

6. Whoever commits a breach of any of the provisions of by-laws 1 and 3 shall he punishable with fine which may extend to fifty rupees and in case of a continuing breach which may extend to fifteen rupees for every day during which the breach continues after conviction for the first breach.

[Bye-laws under section 349(26) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919, for the enforcement of compulsory vaccination] [G.O. No. 692, P. H. Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 11th June 1936.]

1. In these by-laws, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context,-

(i)"child" means a boy or girl who has not attained the age of eighteen years;

(ii)"guardian" means any person to whom the care, nurture or custody of any child falls by law or by natural right or recognized usage or who has accepted or assumed the care, nurture or custody of any child or to whom the care or custody of any child has been entrusted by any lawful authority;

(iii)"parent" means the father or mother of a legitimate child and the mother of an illegitimate child;

(iv)"person" means a male or female who has attained the age of eighteen years;

(v)"unprotected child" means a child who has not been protected from smallpox by having had that disease naturally or by having been successfully vaccinated or re-vaccinated within seven years, as the case may be, or who has not been certified in the manner hereinafter provided to be insusceptible to vaccination;

(vi)"unprotected person" means a person who has no visible marks of smallpox, or who has not been certified in the manner hereinafter provided to be insusceptible to vaccination or is unable to produce satisfactory evidence of successful vaccination or re-vaccination carried out within seven years;

(vii)"vaccination depot" includes a place or building where vaccination is performed free of charge by the direction of the Commissioner; and

(viii)"vaccinator" means any medical practitioner registered under the [Tamil Nadu] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by Tamil Nadu adaptation of Laws Order, 1969.] Medical Registration Act, 1914, or any vaccination or sanitary inspector appointed by the Commissioner.

2. (i) The parent or guardian of any unprotected child who is not less than six months old and who has resided for one month within the limits of the city shall take or cause the child to be taken to a vaccination depot for vaccination or re-vaccination, as the case may be, or shall procure such vaccination or re-vaccination by a vaccinator.

(ii)Any unprotected person who has resided for one month within the limits of the city shall get himself vaccinated or re-vaccinated, as the case may be, at a vaccination depot or by a vaccinator.

3. Whenever the residence of any unprotected person or child is changed from a place within the city or from a place outside the city to a place within a city, such person or the parent or guardian of such child shall, within three days of such change of residence, notify the same to the Health Officer or any other officer authorized by him in this behalf, furnishing full particulars as to the address of the new residence of the person or child.

4. [ [As amended in G. O. No. 5029, P. H. Notification No. 818, Fort St. George Gazette, dated, 25th May, 1940.] The Commissioner, the Health Officer or any person duly authorized by any of them, may if any portion of the city is threatened or infected with smallpox, direct every person or child in the said area, who has no visible marks of smallpox or is unable to produce satisfactory evidence of successful vaccination or re-vaccination carried out within four years, to be vaccinated forthwith.]

5. (i) If a vaccinator finds that an unprotected person or child is not in a fit state of health to be vaccinated, he shall deliver to such person or the parent or guardian of such child, as the case may be, a certificate to the effect that the person or child is not then in a fit state for vaccination; such certificate shall remain in force for the period specified therein not exceeding three months, but may be renewed, if necessary. The reason for the unfitness shall be specified in the certificate.

(ii)If a vaccinator finds that an unprotected person or child in a state of health fit for vaccination, he shall forthwith vaccinate such person or child and deliver TO such person or the parent or guardian of such child, as the case may be, a memorandum stating the date on which the vaccination was performed and specifying the date on which, and the time and place at which, the person or the child should be present or be produced, as the case may be, for inspection.

6. (i) On the date, at the time and place notified as aforesaid, the person or child vaccinated shall be present or be protected, as the case may be, for inspection.

(ii)If the inspecting officer finds that the vaccination has been successful, he shall give to such person or the parent or guardian of such child, as the case may be, a certificate to that effect.

(iii)In the event of the vaccination being unsuccessful, the inspecting officer may, if he thinks fit, direct that the unprotected person or child shall forthwith be again vaccinated and subsequently inspected as provided in clause (i) of this by-law.

7. If the Inspecting Officer is of opinion that an unprotected person or child who has been three times unsuccessfully vaccinated is insusceptible to vaccination, he shall issue a certificate to that effect.

8. When an unprotected person or child is vaccinated by a vaccinator not employed by the Corporation, such person or the parent or guardian of such child, as the case may be, shall forward within fifteen days of the date of the vaccination, a certificate of successful vaccination from such vaccinator to the Health Officer or to such person as may be authorized by the Health Officer in that behalf.

9. The Commissioner or the Health Officer may cancel any certificate given under these by-laws, if it is proved to his satisfaction that such certificate has been improperly given or obtained on behalf of any unprotected person or child and thereupon such certificate shall cease to be valid and notice of such cancellation shall, forthwith, be given to such unprotected person or the parent or guardian of such unprotected child, as the case may be.

10. No fee or remuneration shall be accepted by a vaccinator employed by the Corporation for any vaccination performed or certificate given under these bylaws. If any unprotected person or the parent or guardian of any unprotected child is desirous that vaccination should be done at the residence of such person or child, the Commissioner, the Health Officer or any person duly authorized by the Commissioner in this behalf may, upon application by such person or such parent or guardian, as the case may be, direct a vaccinator to perform the vaccination at such residence.

11. If any person or the parent or guardian of any child in respect of whom the application above referred to is made is a female who according to the customs of the country does not appear in public, the Commissioner, the Health Officer, or any person duly authorized by the Commissioner in this behalf shall direct a female vaccinator to visit the residence of such person or child, as the case may be, and perform the vaccination there.

12. (i) If the Commissioner, the Health Officer, or any person authorized by the Commissioner in this behalf has reason to believe that there is an unprotected person or child in any house, he may call upon -

(a)such person to be present for inspection between the hours of 6 a.m. and 6 p.m. and to state his age, parentage, place of birth and the duration of his residence in the city; or

(b)the parent or guardian of any child in the house to produce all the children in the house under his care for inspection between the hours of 6 a.m. and 6 p.m. and to state the age, parentage, place of birth and the duration of residence in the city of each of such children.

(ii)The Commissioner, the Health Officer or any person authorized by the Commissioner under clause (i) shall-

(a)if he is aware of the existence of any person or child who is protected and is fit for vaccination; or

(b)if, on a requisition under clause (i), any person refuses to be present or any parent or guardian refuses to produce any child under his care for inspection as required by that clause; or

(c)if after inspection, it is proved to his satisfaction that any person or child is unprotected, and is fit for vaccination; or.

(d)if he is acting in pursuance of the powers vested in him under by-law 4 deliver to such person or the parent or guardian of such child or cause to be affixed to the house of such person or of such parent or guardian, a notice requiring the person or child, as the case may be, to be vaccinated within 72 hours at a time and place to be specified in the said notice. The person delivered or at whose house it is affixed shall be bound to comply with it unless a certificate is produced from a vaccinator to the effect that such person or child has either been successfully vaccinated already or is unfit for or insusceptible to vaccination.

13. The provisions contained in by-laws 5 to 11 shall, so far as may be, apply to re-vaccination of an unprotected person or child.

14. Whoever commits a breach of any of the following provisions, namely, bylaws 2 and 3, clauses (i) and (ii) of by-law 6, by-law 8, sub-clause (b) and the last paragraph of clause (ii) of by-law 12 shall be punishable-

(a)with fine which may extend to fifty rupees; and

(b)in the case of continuing breach, with fine which may extend to fifteen rupees for every day during which the breach continues after conviction for the first breach, or with fine which may extend to ten rupees for everyday during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Bye-laws under section 349(29) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919, for securing the cleanliness of barber shops and shaving saloons] [Issued in G. O. No. 1673, P. H. and Published in Notification No. 338 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 13th july 1937.]

1. No person shall use any premises as a barber shop or shaving saloon unless-

(a)it is constructed of masonry, or of such other durable material as may be approved by the Commissioner, and

(b)every part thereof is constructed of non-inflammable material.

2. Every person in charge of such premises shall cause every part of the flooring in such premises to be paved or otherwise made impervious and drained to the satisfaction of the Commissioner and such flooring shall, at all times, be kept in good order and repair.

3. He shall provide suitable means of drainage upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

4. He shall provide suitable means of ventilation and lighting upon or in connection with such premises and shall cause the same to be maintained, at all times, in good order and efficient action.

5. He shall cause every part of the internal surface of the walls and ceiling of every building upon such premises to be hot lime washed at least twice in every year in the months of April and October or more often if so required by the Commissioner.

6. He shall provide suitable covered receptacles in suitable places in such premises for the deposit of all refuse matter and shall cause such receptacles to be emptied at least once in every twenty-four hours.

7. He shall provide in such premises a sufficient supply of water.

8. No leper and no person suffering from an open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall carry on the business of a barber or be employed in or assist in the carrying on of such business.

9. Every barber or operator working in such premises shall wear a clean apron when attending on any customer.

10. Every barber or operator shall wash his hands thoroughly with soap and water before and after serving each customer; the hands of the barber or operator shall, after the customer is served, in addition to being washed with soap and water be dipped for not less than two minutes in such disinfectant as may be approved by the Commissioner.

11. Razors and other instruments used for a customer shall be rendered safe immediately after such use by being thoroughly cleansed and dipped for one minute or such longer time as may, from time to time, be fixed by the Commissioner, in boiling water or disinfected in a disinfectant approved by him.

12. Every shaving mug and brush shall be thoroughly rinsed in hot water after each occasion they are used.

13. At the end of every day, every brush, towel and comb used in the premises shall be sterilized by being immersed in boiling water or disinfected in such disinfectant as may be approved by the Commissioner.

14. Alum or any other similar material used to stop the flow of blood shall be applied in powdered or liquid form only.

15. No person shall spit in such premises except in such receptacles or places as are provided for the purpose.

16. No leper and no person suffering from any visible skin disease, open sore or any loathsome, infectious or contagious disease shall be admitted or be served on such premises.

17. Every person employed as a barber in a barber shop or shaving saloon shall obtain a medical certificate every half year from a Corporation Medical Officer to the effect that he is free from disease or infection of any kind and is fit for employment in such business. Such certificate shall he granted free of charge by the Corporation Medical Officers.

18. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Bye-Law under section 349(29) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919, for the control of dogs in the City] [Notification Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 27th September 1921.]Every dog kept within Municipal limits shall be provided by the owner with a collar round its neck and every dog which is licensed under the provisions of the [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996).] [City Municipal Act, 1919] [Note, the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919.] shall be provided with a metal badge to be fitted on the collar and always worn on the neck of the dog. The badge can be obtained in the municipal office on payment of an anna. All dogs without collars will be considered stray dogs and will be liable to be destroyed at any time. They may be kept for three days.Bye-LawsRelating to Works Department[Bye-laws under section 349(8)(b) and (9) of the [Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919] [Notification No. 65 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 24th January 1928.], for the protection of avenues, trees, grass and other appurtenances of public streets and other places and for the regulation of the use of parks, gardens and other public or municipal places in the City]

1. No person shall, without the permission of the Commissioner, damage or cut any tree, grass or other appurtenance of any public street, park, garden or other public or municipal place.

2. No person shall, without the written permission of the Commissioner, remove any fruit from any tree in any public street, park, garden or other public or municipal place.

3. No person shall graze or feed any animal or suffer any animal to be grazed or fed, on any grass or tree in any public street, park, garden or other public or municipal place.

4. No person shall write, paint, cut or carve or affix anything on any tree in any public street, park, garden or other public or municipal place.

5. No person shall drive any nail or ring or any such article into any tree in any public street, park, garden or other public or municipal place.

6. No person shall tether any animal to any tree or fence or post in any public street, park, garden or other public or municipal place.

7. Whoever commits a breach of any of the above by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees, for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Bye-laws under section 349(8) (c) and (29) for restricting the traffic of motor buses and lorries to certain roads in the City of ChennaiMotor buses and lorries having solid tyres and plying within the City with the exception of Corporation,. Government and Postal vehicles shall travel only along the following roads or streets in the City:Bell's RoadPycroft's Road (between Bell's Road and Triplicane High Road) Barber's Bridge Road (up to Edward Elliot's Road)Wallajah Road Mount RoadCooum River Road (between Edward VII Statue and Law's Bridge)Road between Periamet Level crossing and Cooum River Road Poonamalee Road (between Periamet and General Hospital Road)General Hospital Road till St. George GateEvening Bazaar RoadEsplanade (between Central Station and Parry's Comer)North Fort Side RoadBentick's RoadNorth Beach Road(From Parry's Comer to North Fort Side Road)Royapettah High Road (From E 2 Police Station to Luz)Edward Elliot's Road (between Barber's Bridge Road and Royapettah High Road)West Cott RoadWoods RoadPatter's RoadPurasawalkam High Road (between tram terminus and Messrs Smith & Co.)Jeremiah RoadVepery High RoadSydenham's Road (from Vepery High Road to Periamet)North Beach RoadNorth of Parry's CornerIbrahimjee Sahib StreetOld Jail RoadTirutivottiyur High Road

2. Any person including the owner or driver of the bus or lorry committing a breach of the above by-law shall on conviction be punishable with a fine which may extend to Rs. 50.

Note. - (1) Only lorries and buses plying for hire will be liable. Companies using their own lorries and buses will not be liable.

(2)Postal vans are neither buses nor lorries and the above by-laws will not affect them.[Bye-laws under section 349(9) for the regulation of the use of parks, gardens or squares in the city vested in the Corporation] [Issued in Notification No. 876 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 23rd August 1921.]

1. Parks, gardens or squares, hours when to be kept open - Every park, garden or square vested in the Corporation shall remain open to the public between such hours as may he notified by the Commissioner in a board to be placed in some conspicuous parts of the entrance of such park, garden or square.

2. Public entertainment, ceremony or exhibition - On the occasion of any public entertainment, ceremony or exhibition taking place in such park, garden or square after permission has been obtained from or given by the Commissioner in that behalf, such park, garden or square shall be kept open or closed for such period and upon such terms and conditions as may be considered expedient by the Commissioner and notified in the manner mentioned in by-law 1 or by notification in one or more newspapers.

3. Entrance or exit - No person shall enter or quit such park, garden or square except by a gate or opening provided for the purposes.

4. Prohibition from defacing or displacing notice boards - No person shall deface or displace any board or tablet in such park, garden or square wherein any notice or by-law of the Corporation is exhibited.

5. Prohibition from bringing animals - No person shall bring into such park, garden or square, any animal whatsoever or suffer to remain therein any animal belonging to him or in his charge.

6. Pasting bills - No person shall, except with the written permission of the Commissioner, past or affix any bill, placard, or notice in any part of, or upon any tree in such park, garden or square.

7. Prohibition from removing of disturbing soil, etc. - No person, otherwise than in the discharge of his official duty as a servant of the Corporation, shall remove or disturb any soil or turf or flower bed or pluck any flower or leaf in such park, garden or square.

8. Damaging property or throwing rubbish - No person shall destroy, injure, deface, soil or defile any part of any wall, fence, barrier or railing in or enclosing such park or movable seat, building, monument, work of art, ornament or decoration or any other structure or structure or erection or any municipal property in such park, garden or square, nor throw or deposit any filth, to fall or to be thrown or deposited upon any part of such park, garden or square.

9. Throwing stone, etc. - No person shall throw or discharge in such park, garden or square any stone or other missile.

10. Prohibiting the climbing of a tree, wall, etc. - No person shall climb any tree, wall, fence, barrier, railing or post in or enclosing such park, garden or square.

11. Bathing, etc. - No person shall bathe in any tank, pond or other ornamental water in such park, garden or square or wash clothes or any article in, or foul or pollute any such water, nor shall any person fish in any such water without the authority of the Commissioner.

12. Games - Mo game shall be played in such park, garden or square except subject to such conditions as may, from time to time, be prescribed by the Commissioner and notified in a similar manner to that of mentioned in by-law 1.

13. Drinking - No person shall drink, or bring for consumption, within such park, garden or square any intoxicating liquor.

14. Erection - Except with the written permission of the Commissioner, no person shall erect any post, rail, fence, pole, tent, booth, stand, building or other structure in such park, garden or square.

15. Dusting - No person shall beat or clean any carpet, drugget, rug, mat or any other fabric retaining dust or dirt in such park, garden or square.

16. Sale of articles - No person shall, except with the written permission of the Commissioner, sell or offer or expose for sale, or let to hire or offer or expose for letting to hire any commodity or article in such park, garden or square.

17. Drying or bleaching linen - No person shall spread or deposit any linen or other fabric in such park, garden or square for the purpose of drying or bleaching the same.

18. Obstructing or disturbing servants on duty - No person shall wilfully obstruct, disturb, interrupt or annoy any other person in the proper use or enjoyment of such park, garden or square or wilfully obstruct, disturb or interrupt any officer or servant of the Corporation or any person or servant of any person employed by the Corporation in the execution of his duty.

19. Nuisance - No person shall commit a nuisance in such park, garden or square.

20. Creating disturbance or causing annoyance to the public - No person shall create a disturbance or cause annoyance to the public in such park, garden, or square or use abusive, obscene or profane language.

21. Prohibiting persons suffering from loathsome or infectious diseases from entering - No person who is suffering from any loathsome or infectious disease shall enter such park, garden or square.

22. Prohibition against irritating or annoying animals in the menagerie - No person visiting the menagerie in the People's Park shall irritate or annoy the animals in any way whatever.

23. Penalties - Every person who commits a breach of any of the foregoing by-laws shall be punished (a) with fine which may extend to Rs. 50 and in case of a continuing breach with fine which may extend to Rs. 15 for every day during which the breach continues after conviction for the first breach, or (b) with fine which may extend to Rs. 10 for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

Bye-Laws Relating To Revenue DepartmentBye-laws framed under section 129(6) and section 349(1), (2) and (29) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 for the seizure and sage of timber in respect of which the tax due is not paid and otherwise for carrying out the provisions relating to the levy of this tax

1. In these by-laws (a) "the Act" means the [Chennai City Municipal Act, 1919] [Now the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919.]; (b) "Commissioner" means the Commissioner of the Corporation of [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996)]; and (c) "Corporation" means the Corporation of [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996)].

2. Timber measuring 50 c. ft. shall be deemed to be of one ton in weight. Anything less than 114 ton shall be reckoned as 114 ton and anything above 114 ton and 112 ton as 112 a ton and so on.

3. The Commissioner shall be entitled to call for such information or records as he may think fit, from any person for the purpose of deciding whether the timber was or was not in the course of transit.

4. The tax on limber shall be paid immediately on the timber being brought into the City -

(a)if the timber is imported by sea to the Collector of Sea Customs or the Chairman of the [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996)] Port Trust at the [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996)] Harbour;

(b)if the timber is brought by Railway to the Agent of the [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996)] and Southern Mahratta Railway Company Limited, or to the Agent of the South Indian Railway Company Limited, as the case may be, at the respective stations to which the timber has been consigned;

(c)if the timber is brought by canal to the Executive Engineer, Chingleput division, at the Adyar Lock or the Ennore Lock, as the case may be; and

(d)if the timber is brought by road into the Treasury of the Corporation.

A receipt in the following form will be granted to the owner on payment of the tax due.Corporation of [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996)]Revenue DepartmentReceipt for payment of timber tax under section 129(1) of the [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996)] City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 (Tamil Nadu Act IV of 1919).Received from...........................the sum of Rupees............. annas..........only being the tax for importing............tons of........ into the City of [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996)].Rs.StationDateIssuing Officer.

5. The tax on timber shall be paid by the person by whom or at whose instance the timber is brought into the city or by the person to whom or for whose benefit the timber is brought and the Corporation may proceed against any one or more of the aforesaid persons for the recovery of the tax due.

(1)If the tax due in respect of any timber brought into the city has not been paid or is not paid on demand, the authorities specified in by-law 3 or any person authorized by them or any officer or servant of the Corporation authorized by the Commissioner may seize, remove and detain such timber.

(2)If any timber is detained under clause (1) the authority, person, officer or servant detaining the timber will give a receipt for such timber to the person from whom it was seized and forward such timber, within twenty-four hours to the Commissioner or to the person authorized by him.

(3)If the person from whom the timber was seized or any other person entitled thereto claims the timber within 14 days from the date of the seizure, it will be returned to him on payment of -

(i)the tax due thereon;

(ii)such sum not exceeding the amount of the tax due as the Commissioner may direct by way of penalty; and

(iii)the charges incurred in connection with the seizure, removal and detention.

6.

(1)If no claim is made within the time specified in clause (3) of the by-law 5, or if no payment as specified therein is made, the timber seized shall be liable to be sold by the Revenue Officer, Corporation of [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996)], in public auction after notice to the person from whom the timber was seized:Provided that, if, at any time before the timber is actually sold, the person liable to pay the tax or any other person entitled to the timber tenders to the person conducting the sale the tax due on the timber, the penalty referred to in sub-clause (ii) of clause (3) of the seizure, removal, detention and attempted sale of timber or gives proof to his satisfaction that the tax, the penalty and the charges have been paid to the Corporation, the sale will be stopped and the timber will be returned to him.

(2)The sale proceeds will be applied first in payment of all charges incurred in connection with the seizure, removal, detention and sale of the timber; secondly, in payment of the penalty referred to in sub-clause (ii) of clause (3) of bylaw 5; thirdly, in payment of the tax due on the timber and lastly, the surplus, if any, will be returned to the person entitled thereto.

(3)If the proceeds of the sale are insufficient to meet the charges, the penalty and the tax aforesaid, the Corporation shall be entitled to recover from the person liable to pay the tax the amount of such deficiency.

7.

(1)If, in the opinion of the authority or officer authorized to collect the tax on timber, any timber brought into the city is not for the purpose of transit to a place outside the city, such authority or officer may demand and collect from the person liable to pay the tax an amount equal to the tax leviable on such timber as security for the payment of the tax. If the security is collected, a report of the same will be sent to the Commissioner.

(2)If the person who has paid the security satisfies the Commissioner within 14 days from the date of the payment that the timber in respect of which the amount was paid is exempt from payment of the tax, the Commissioner shall refund the amount to such persons; otherwise the same shall be appropriated towards the tax payable.

(3)The Commissioner shall be entitled to call for such information or records as he may think fit, from any person for the purpose of deciding whether the timber was or was not in the course of transit.

(4)If the amount of security is not paid when demanded, the timber shall be liable to be seized, removed and detained in accordance with the provisions of bylaw 5 until the Commissioner is satisfied that no tax thereon is payable. If the tax is payable on such timber, a notice will be served on the person from whom the timber was seized requiring him to pay the tax within the 14 days of the service of such notice. If the tax is not paid within the period specified in the notice, the timber shall be liable to be disposed of in the manner specified in by-law 6.

8. Nothing contained in these by-laws shall in any way affect or prejudice the right of the Corporation to recover the tax in the manner specified in Schedule IV to the Act.

[Bye-laws under section 349(27) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919, to prevent outbreaks of fire] [Issued in G. O. Ms. No. 4689, L&M and Published in Notification 1378 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 1st November 1926.]

1. Every structure constructed with inflammable materials to which section 223(1)(a), 233 or 261 of the [Chennai] [Substituted for the word 'Madras' by the City of Madras (Alteration of Name) Act, 1996 (Tamil Nadu Act 28 of 1996)] [City Municipal Act (IV of 1919)] [Now, the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919.] (as amended) applies shall be so constructed as to be of sufficient strength and shall be maintained according to the directions of the Commissioner.

2. Every such structure shall be of such size and shall be constructed in such manner as the Commissioner may approve.

3. No naked light or fire shall be used in or near any such structure.

4. All exits and other doors at openings in or from any such structure shall be constructed as directed by the Commissioner.

5. Any alteration or removal of such structure ordered by the Commissioner shall be carried out by the person responsible therefor at his own cost within such time as may be fixed by the Commissioner.

6. (a) The application for the erection of any such structure in any street shall be in the form prescribed by the Commissioner from time to time. Copies of such application forms may be obtained from the office of the Corporation free of charges.

(b)Every such application shall be tendered with the fee in advance to the Corporation office 10 days before the structure is required. The approval of the Divisional Inspector of Police shall be obtained before such application is tendered.

(c)The applicant or the owner or the chief occupier of the house in front of which any such structure is erected, on whose behalf the application has been made, shall see that no obstruction is caused to traffic or to tire cleansing of drains and be responsible for any damage caused to any electric cables relating to telegraphs, telephone, lighting and tramways, to water arid sewage pipes, drains, etc., and to the surface of the road in general.

(d)The fee fixed for any such structure shall be charged for every day during which any portion of such structure other than the first post stands.

7. Whoever is guilty of a breach of any of these by-laws shall be punishable-

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which the breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

[Bye-laws under section 349(28) of the Chennai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 for the prohibition and regulation of advertisements] [Issued in G. O. Ms, No. 3899, L. A and published in Notification 1011 of the Fort St. George Gazette, dated the 7th October 1939.]I. The Council may, by notification -

(a)prohibit the erection, exhibition, fixation, retention or display of all or any class of advertisements in any street, road, or public part or part thereof or in any place of public resort; and

(b)regulate the erection, exhibition, fixation, retention or display of all or any class of advertisements in, any manner in non-prohibited areas.

II. No person shall erect, exhibit, fix, retain or display or cause to be erected, exhibited, fixed, retained or displayed any advertisement in any street, road or public park or part thereof, or in any place of public resort notified under by-law.III. No person shall erect, exhibit, fix, retain or display or cause to be erected, exhibited, fixed retained or displayed any advertisements so as to injuriously affect the amenities of any historic public building or monument or of any public park or pleasure promenade.IV. No vehicle used for the purpose of advertisement shall display any advertisement in a manner, form or method different from that approved by the Commissioner.V. No person shall deface or cause to be defaced any sign or mark or letter or words that shall have been put by the Commissioner on the advertisements erected, exhibited, fixed, retained, or displayed in token of their having been permitted or approved by him and of the tax having been collected thereon.VI. Advertisement hoardings-

(i)shall not be more than 300 feet high,

(ii)shall not project, or be on or rover the public way more than 6 inches beyond the general line of buildings in the street or more than one foot beyond the building line in the streets for which a building line has been prescribed, and

(iii)shall not be within 30 yards from any public park or pleasure promenade.

VII. (i) Every person desiring to erect, exhibit, fix retain or display advertisements shall send or cause to be sent to the commissioner, not less than seven clear days before printing copies of advertisements or painting advertisements, or exhibiting them in any manner, a notice in duplicate in writing in such form as maybe determined by the Commissioner with all the particulars required therein together with a copy of the matter to be advertised, provided, however, the Commissioner may, for valid reasons and for emergencies, reduce the time limit in special cases.

(ii)The Commissioner shall within four days from the date of receipt of the notice intimate to the applicant the tax due on the intended advertisement, provided the Commissioner approves of the advertisement.

(iii)The original of the notice shall be returned to the applicant immediately on payment of the tax, with instructions either to incorporate the licence number and date in the advertisement- copies to be printed for displaying within the City or in the paintings to be done, or to produce copies of the advertisements for stamping with the Corporation stamp in token of the tax having been paid, and the advertiser shall carry out the instructions.

(iv)Where the giving of previous notice under clause (i) is impracticable, copies of the advertisement proposed to be erected, exhibited, fixed, retained, or displayed shall be produced along with the, application for approval under the clause. On the payment of the tax due in respect of such advertisement, the Corporation stamp shall be affixed on all copies of such advertisements in token of the tax having been collected.

(v)The production of the copies of advertisement for the purpose of affixing the Corporation stamp or the incorporation of the licence number and date shall not be insisted upon in any case where the nature of the advertisement does not admit of such production or incorporation

VIII. (i) Persons or agencies who undertake the display of advertisements on behalf of others shall enroll themselves as licensed advertisers on payment of a security deposit of not more than Rs. 100 and not less than Rs. 50 each as the Commissioner may decide for the due observance of the by-law.

(ii)Persons intending to entrust the work of displaying advertisements on their behalf shall not entrust it to any other than a licensed advertiser.

(iii)A licensed advertiser shall, before displaying or causing the display of the advertisements, satisfy himself that the tax due thereon has been paid and the Commissioner's approval obtained therefor.

(iv)A licensed advertiser shall maintain proper accounts and produce them whenever required for inspection by the Commissioner.

IX. Every person who prints or paints an advertisements shall print or write legibly his name in all the copies of such advertisement. Every such person shall, also maintain accounts showing the name of the person for whom the work is done, the number of copies printed and supplied or the number of paintings done and the size of advertisements or the measurements of space occupied by such advertisements. Such accounts shall be produced before the Commissioner whenever so required by him.X. Whoever commits a breach of any of the by-laws II to IX shall he punishable -

(b)with fine which may extend to ten rupees for every day during which breach continues after receipt of notice from the Commissioner to discontinue such breach.

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State of Tamilnadu- Act