Section 54 in Tamil Nadu Combined Development and Building Rules, 2019
54. Sanitation requirements.
- (1) General. - (a) There should be at least one water tap and arrangement for drain in the vicinity of each water closet or group of water closets in all the buildings.(b)Each family dwelling unit shall have at least one water closet and one kitchen sink. A bath or shower shall also be installed to meet the basic requirements of sanitation and personal hygiene.(c)All other structures for human occupancy shall have adequate sanitary facilities, but in no case less than one WC and one other fixture for cleaning purposes.(d)All materials, fittings and sanitary appliances shall conform to the National Building Code.(2)Sanitary fittings. - (a) For Residences.- (i) Dwellings with individual conveniences shall have at least the following fitments:(a)One bath room provided with a tap and a floor trap;(b)One WC with flushing apparatus with an ablution tap(c)One tap with a floor trap or a sink in kitchen or wash place.(ii)Where only one WC is provided in a dwelling, the bath and WC desirably be separated accommodated(iii)Dwellings without individual conveniences shall have the following fitments:(a)One water tap with flow trap desirably in each tenement(b)One WC with flushing apparatus and an ablution tap for every two tenements(c)One bath with water tap and flow trap for every two tenements.(b)For Buildings Other than Residences.- The requirements for fitments for sanitation in the case of buildings other than residences shall be in accordance with the Tables given in the Annexure - X. Provided further that the respective toilets or sanitary arrangements shall be kept open for the ladies and children in restaurants, petrol pumps & hotels.(3)Sewerage. - (a) Taking into account the site conditions, land and building uses, and nature of wastes within the site, outlet connection ( i.e. the availability of sewers or other outlets, sub-soil conditions etc.), sewage and waste water collection and disposal system for a building or a group of buildings or for a layout shall be designed and it shall conforming to National Building Code.(b)Septic Tanks. - (i) Where a septic tank is used for sewage disposal, the location, design and construction of the septic tank shall conform to requirements of the National Building Code and as per provisions in G.O.Ms. No 106, MAWS Dept., dated 01.09.2014 (operative guidelines for sept age management for local bodies)(ii)Location of the Septic Tanks and Subsurface Absorption System: A subsoil dispersion system should preferably not be closer than 18m from any source of drinking water, such as well, to mitigate the possibility of bacterial pollution of water supply.(iii)Requirements.-(a)Dimensions of septic tanks - Septic tanks shall have a minimum width of 75cm, a minimum depth of 1m below the water level and a minimum liquid capacity of 1 cu.m. The length of tanks shall be 2 to 4 times the width;(b)Septic tanks may be constructed of brickwork, stone masonry, concrete or other suitable materials as approved by the Authority;(c)Under no circumstances shall effluent from a septic tank be allowed into an open channel, drain or water body without adequate treatment;(d)The minimum nominal diameter of the pipe shall be 10cm. Further, at junctions of pipes in manholes, direction of flow from a branch connection shall not make an angle exceeding 45 degrees with the direction of flow in the main pipe;(e)The gradients of land drains, under-drainage as well as the bottom of dispersion trenches and soak ways shall be between 1:300 and 1:400;(f)Every septic tank shall be provided with ventilating pipe of at least 5cm diameter. The top of the pipe shall be provided with a suitable cage of mosquito-proof wire mesh. The ventilating pipe shall extend to a height which would cause no smell nuisance to any building in the area. Generally, the ventilating pipe may extend to a height of about 2m, when the septic tank is at least 15m away from the nearest building and to a height of 2m above the top of the building when it is located closer than 15m.(g)When the disposal of septic tank effluent is to a seepage pit, the seepage pit may be of any suitable shape with the least cross-sectional dimension of 0.90m and not less than 1.00m in depth below the invert level of the inlet pipe. The pit may be lined with stone, brick or concrete blocks with dry open joints which should be backed with at least 7.5cm of clean coarse aggregate. The lining above the inlet level should be finished with mortar. In the case of pits of large dimensions, the top portion may be narrowed to reduce the size of the RCC cover slabs. Where no lining is used, especially near trees, the entire pit should be filled with loose stones. A masonry ring may be constructed at the top of the pit to prevent damage by flooding of the pit by surface runoff. The inlet pipe may be taken down a depth of 0.90m from the top as an anti-mosquito measure; and(h)When the disposal of the septic tank effluent is to a dispersion trench, the dispersion trench shall be 0.50m to 1.00m deep and 0.30m to 1.00m wide excavated to a slight gradient and shall be provided with 150mm to 250mm of washed gravel or crushed stones. Open jointed pipes placed inside the trench shall be made of unglazed earthenware clay or concrete and shall have a minimum internal diameter of 7.5cm to 10cm. Each dispersion trench shall not be longer than 30m and trenches shall not be placed closer than 1.8m.(4)Separation of bath and wash basin water and reuse. - All buildings shall be provided with separate pipelines; one for collecting waste water from bath and wash basins and the other for connecting the toilets. The waste water from the toilets alone shall be connected to the street sewer. The waste water from the bath and wash basins shall be disposed off as here under. -Each building shall have a separate downward pipeline to collect waste water from bath and wash basins and the collected waste water shall be treated adequately by organic or mechanical recycling and taken to a sump for onward pumping to the exclusive overhead tank or to a separate compartment of over head tank for exclusive use of toilet flushing through cisterns. The excess waste water not reused for toilet flushing, shall be used for gardening or rain water harvesting structure within the site.Explanation. - For the purposes of these rules in regard to recycling systems are concerned, any other modifications, additional structures, alternative designs furnished by the applicant can be considered for approval, if it conforms to recycling concept to the satisfaction of the competent authority 'for building approval.The above stated waste water reuse arrangement is mandatory for High Rise buildings; optional and preferable for non- High Rise buildings.
