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State of Tamilnadu- Act

The Tamil Nadu Backward Classes, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Reservation of Seats in Educational Institutions and of Appointments or Posts in the Services under the State) Act, 1993

TAMILNADU
India

The Tamil Nadu Backward Classes, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Reservation of Seats in Educational Institutions and of Appointments or Posts in the Services under the State) Act, 1993

Act 45 of 1994

  • Published on 19 July 1994
  • Commenced on 19 July 1994
  • [This is the version of this document from 19 July 1994.]
The Tamil Nadu Backward Classes, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Reservation of Seats in Educational Institutions and of Appointments or Posts in the Services under the State) Act, 1993Tamil Nadu Act 45 of 1994Statement of Objects and Reasons - The policy of reservation of seats in educational institutions and reservation of appointments or posts in public services for Backward Classes/ Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes has had a long history in Tamil Nadu dating back to the year 1921. The extent of reservation has been growing upward constantly, consistent with the needs of the majority of the people, and it has now reached the level of 69 per cent.2. The Supreme Court delivered its judgment on the 16th November 1992, in Indra Sawhney v. Union of India, AIR 1993 SC 477, holding that the total reservations under Article 16(4) should not exceed 50 per cent. When the issue of admission to education institutions for the current academic year came up before the High Court of Madras, the High Court of Madras held that the Tamil Nadu Government could continue its reservation policy as hitherto followed during the current academic year and that the quantum of reservation should be brought down to 50 per cent during the next academic year of 1994-95. The Government of Tamil Nadu has filed a Special Leave Petition against the judgment of the High Court, Madras in order that the present reservation policy of the State Government should be reaffirmed so as to ensure continued advancement of the Backward Classes. The Supreme Court of India has passed an interim order reiterating that the reservation should not exceed 50 per cent in the matter of admission to educational institutions.3. In the special session of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly held on the 9th November 1993, it has been unanimously resolved calling upon the Central Government to take steps immediately to bring in suitable amendments to the Constitution of India) so as to enable the Government of Tamil Nadu to continue its policy of 69 per cent reservation in Government services and for admission in educational institutions as at present, since this alone will ensure the continued progress of the Backward Classes of people in Tamil Nadu and will provide for changing social circumstances, in as much as there is about 88 per cent of the total population belong to Backward Classes the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes in the State.4. Reflecting the sentiments of the vast majority of the people of Tamil Nadu, the all parties meeting held on the 26th November 1993 urged that there should not be any doubt or delay in ensuring the continued implementation of 69 per cent reservation for the welfare and advancement of the Backward Classes. It was unanimously resolved in the meeting that a Constitutional amendment should be brought in or the State Government should bring in a special legislation. The leaders of all political parties and social forums in Tamil Nadu have requested the reservation policy of the State. Accordingly, it has been decided to bring a special legislation with retrospective effect and with necessary validation provision to give effect to the aspirations of the vast majority of the people of Tamil Nadu, so as to achieve the goal of social justice.The Bill seeks to give effect to the above decision.Published in Part IV - Section 2 of the Tamil Nadu Government Gazette Extraordinary, dated the 19th July, 1994.An Act to provide for reservation of seats in educational institutions in the State and of appointments or posts in the services under the State for the Backward Classes of citizens and for persons belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes in the State of Tamil Nadu.Whereas, the policy of reservation for the social, economic and educational advancement of the people belonging to Backward Classes of citizens in admissions to educational institutions in the State and for appointments in the sendees under the State has been under implementation in the State of Tamil Nadu for a long time;And Whereas, the State of Tamil Nadu is a pioneer State in providing reservation for the under privileged and the first communal Government Order was passed in the year 1921 and the proportional representation for communities was made in the year 1927 in the State of Tamil Nadu;And Whereas, a large percentage of population of Tamil Nadu suffering from social and educational backwardness for many years have started enjoying the fruits of the reservation policy and have been able to improve their lot and attain a higher standard of living;And Whereas, clause (4) of Article 15 of the Constitution enables the State to make any special provision for the advancement of any socially and educationally Backward Classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes;And Whereas, clause (4) of Article 16 of the Constitution enables the State to make any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any Backward Class of citizens which, in the opinion of the State, is not adequately represented in the services under the State;And Whereas, under clause (1) of Article 38 of the Constitution, the State shall strive to promote the welfare of the people by securing and protecting as effectively as it may, a social order in which justice, social, economic and political, shall inform all the institutions of the national life;And Whereas, under clause (2) of Article 38 of the Constitution, the State shall, in particular, strive to minimise the inequalities in income and endeavour to eliminate inequalities in status, facilities and opportunities, not only amongst individuals, but also amongst groups of people residing in different areas or engaged in different vocations;And Whereas, under clause (b) of Article 39 of the Constitution, the State shall, in particular, direct its policy towards securing that the ownership and control of the material resources of the community are so distributed as best to subserve the common good;And Whereas, under clause (c) of Article 39 of the Constitution, the State shall, in particular, direct its policy towards securing that the operation of the economic system does not result in the concentration of wealth and means of production to the common detriment;And Whereas, under Article 46 of the Constitution, the State shall promote, with special care, the educational and economic interests of the weaker sections of the people, and, in particular, at the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes, and shall protect them from social injustice and all forms of exploitation;And Whereas, the representatives of the various political parties and social forums representing backward classes have requested the State Government to consider all the ramifications of the Supreme Court judgment, dated the 16th day of November 1992 in Indra Sawhney v. Union of India, AIR 1993 SC 477 regarding reservations under clause (4) of Article 16 of the Constitution and take steps to protect their interests adequately;And Whereas, in the opinion of the State Government, Backward Classes of citizens, and the persons belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes, who constitute the majority of the total population of the State are not adequately represented in the services under the State in proportion to their population in the State of Tamil Nadu;And Whereas, the State Government have, after careful consideration, taken a policy decision that the existing level of sixty-nine per cent reservation in admission to educational institutions in the State and in the services under the State, for the Backward Classes of citizens and for the persons belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes, should be continued for ensuring the advancement of the majority of the people of the State of Tamil Nadu;Be it enacted by the Legislative Assembly of the State of Tamil Nadu in the Forty-fourth Year of the Republic of India as follows: -

1. Short title, extent and commencement.

(1)This Act may be called the Tamil Nadu Backward Classes, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Reservation of seats in Educational Institutions and of appointments or posts in the Services under the State) Act, 1993.
(2)It extends to the whole of the State of Tamil Nadu.
(3)
(a)Sections 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 shall be deemed to have come into force on the 16th day of November 1992.
(b)Section 7 shall be deemed to have come into force on the 15th day of March 1993.

2. Declaration.

- It is hereby declared that this Act is for giving effect to the policy of the State towards securing the principles laid down in Part IV and, in particular, in Article 38, clauses (b) and (c) of Article 39 and Article 46 of the Constitution.

3. Definitions.

- In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,-
(a)"Backward Classes of citizens" means the class or classes of citizens who are socially and educationally backward, as may be notified by the Government in the Tamil Nadu Government Gazette, and includes the Most Backward Classes and the Denotified Communities;
(b)"educational institution" means-
(i)any college or other educational institution, maintained by the State, or receiving aid out of the State funds, or affiliated to any University established by law including an University college and a constituent college; or
(ii)any institute or training centre recognised or approved by the Government, with the object of preparing, training or guiding its students for any certificate, degree or diploma or other academic distinctions granted or conferred by any University, or authority established or approved in this behalf by the Government;
(c)"Government'" means the State Government;
(d)"Scheduled Castes" shall have the same meaning as in the Constitution;
(e)"Scheduled Tribes" shall have the same meaning as in the Constitution.

4. Reservation of seats in educational institutions.

(1)Notwithstanding anything contained in any judgment, decree or order of any Court or other authority, having regard to the social and educational backwardness of the Backward Classes of citizens and the persons belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes who constitute the majority of the total population of the State of Tamil Nadu, the reservation in respect of the annual permitted strength in each branch or faculty for admission into educational institutions in the State, for the Backward Classes of citizens and for the persons belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes, shall be sixty-nine percent.
(2)The reservation referred to in sub-section (1) shall, in respect of the persons belonging to the Backward Classes, the Most Backward Classes and Denotified Communities, the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes, be as hereunder:-
(a) Backward Classes. Thirty per cent.
(b) Most Backward Classes and Denotified Communities. Twenty per cent.
(c) Scheduled Castes. Eighteen per cent.
(d) Scheduled Tribes. One per cent.

5. Reservation in appointments or posts in the services under the State.

(1)Notwithstanding anything contained in any judgement, decree or order of any Court or other authority, having regard to the inadequate representation in the services under the State, of the Backward Classes of citizens and the persons belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes, who constitute the majority of the total population of the State of Tamil Nadu, the reservation for appointments or posts in the services under the State, for the Backward Classes of citizens and for the persons belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes, shall be sixty-nine per cent.Explanation. - For the purposes of this Act, "services under the State" includes the services under-
(i)the Government;
(ii)the Legislature of the State;
(iii)any local authority;
(iv)any corporation or company owned or controlled by the Government; or
(v)any other authority in respect of which the State/ Legislature has power to make laws.
(2)The reservation referred to in-sub-section (1) shall, in respect of the persons belonging to the Backward Classes, the Most Backward Classes and Denotified Communities, the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes, be as hereunder:-
(a) Backward Classes. Thirty per cent.
(b) Most Backward Classes and Denotified Communities. Twenty per cent.
(c) Scheduled Castes. Eighteen per cent.
(d) Scheduled Tribes One per cent.

6. Reservations not to be affected.

- Notwithstanding anything contained in sections 4 and 5, the claims of the students or members belonging to the Backward Classes of citizens or the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes, shall also be considered for the unreserved seats, appointments or posts which shall be filled on the basis of merit and where a student or member belonging to the Backward Classes of citizens or the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes, is selected on the basis of merit, the number of seats, appointments or posts reserved for the Backward Classes of citizens or for the persons belonging to the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes, as the case may be, shall not, in any way, be affected.

7. Classification of Backward Classes of citizens.

- The Government may, from time to time,based on the reports presented at the appropriate periods to the Government by the Tamil Nadu Backward Classes Commission constituted in G.O. Ms. No. 9, Backward Classes and Most Backward Classes Welfare Department, dated the 15th day of March 1993, by notification, classify or sub-classify the Backward Classes of citizens for the purposes of this Act.

8. Power to make rules.

(1)The Government may make rules for carrying out the purposes of this Act.
(2)
(a)All rules made under this Act shall be published in the Tamil Nadu Government Gazette and unless they are expressed to come into force on a particular day, shall come into force on the day on which they are so published.
(b)All notifications issued under this Act shall, unless they are expressed to come into force on a particular day, come into force on the day on which they are published.
(3)Every rule made or notification or order issued under this Act shall, as soon as possible, after it is made or issued, be placed on the table of the Legislative Assembly, and if, before the expiry of the session in which it is so placed or the next session, the Assembly makes any modification in any such rule or notification or order, or the Assembly decides that the rule or notification or order should not be made or issued, the rule or notification or order shall, thereafter, have effect only in such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be, so, however, that any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under that rule or notification or order.[Tamil Nadu’s Vanniyar Reservation - Pattali Makkal Katchi v Mayileruperumal. The Supreme Court held that Tamil Nadu's reservation for Vanniyars in education and employment within the Most Backward Classes category was unconstitutional. The Court observed that the reservation was not supported by empirical data on backwardness.In a Judgment delivered on March 31st 2022, Justices Nageswara Rao and B.R. Gavai declared Tamil Nadu’s Vanniyar reservations law unconstitutional. The SC held that even though the State government was legislatively competent to provide internal reservations, it had erred by using antiquated and unreliable data to frame the 2021 Act. The Court found that the 2021 Act discriminates against other MBC groups—who are disadvantaged as they cannot claim this large share of reserved seats. The Court held that the classification made in the said G.O. proceeded on the basis of religion, race and caste and constituted a violation of the fundamental rights guaranteed under Article 29(2) of the Constitution of India. There is no substantial basis for classifying the Vanniakula Kshatriyas into one group to be treated differentially from the remaining 115 communities within the MBCs and DNCs, and therefore, the 2021 Act is in violation of Articles 14, 15 and 16. (https:indiankanoon.org/doc/65086207/, https:legiteye.com/in-civil-appeal-no-2600-of-2022-sc-sc-strikes-down-tamil-nadu-law-providing-10-5-vanniyar-quota-holds-105th-constitutional-amendment-act-to-be-prospective-in-operation-justices-l/)]

9. Validation.

- Notwithstanding anything contained in any judgement, decree or order of any Court or other authority, the reservation of sixty-nine per cent made and anything done or any action taken on the basis of such reservation, by the Government for admissions into educational institutions in the State and for appointments or posts in the services under the State, for the Backward Classes of citizens and for the persons belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes, during the period commencing on the 16th day of November 1992 and ending with the date of the publication of this Act in the Tamil Nadu Government Gazette, shall, for all purposes, be deemed to be and to have always been, validly made, done or taken in accordance with law, as if this Act had been in force at all material times when such reservation has been made and such thing done, or action taken.

10. Power to remove difficulties.

- If any difficulty arises in giving effect to the provisions of this Act, the Government may, by an order published in the Tamil Nadu Government Gazette, make such provisions not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act as appear to them to be necessary or expedient for removing the difficulty:Provided that no such order shall be made after the expiry of two years from the date of the publication of this Act in the Tamil Nadu Government Gazette.Notification List of Classes of Citizens who are Backward Classes, most Backward Classes and Denotified Communities[(G.O. Ms. No. 28, Backward Classes and Most Backward Classes Welfare, dated the 19th July 1994)] [Published in Part II-Section 1 of the Tamil Nadu Government Gazette Extraordinary, dated 19th July 1994.]Under clause (a) of section 3 of the Tamil Nadu Backward Classes, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Reservation of Seats in Educational Institutions and of appointments or posts in the Services under the State) Act, 1993 (Tamil Nadu Act 45 of 1994), the Governor of Tamil Nadu hereby notifies the lists of classes of citizens who are socially and educationally Backward including the Most Backward Classes and the Denotified Communities specified in the Schedule below as Backward Classes of Citizens:-

Schedule

I. List of Backward Classes:

1. Agamudayar including Thozhu or Thuluva Vellala.

2. Agaram VellanChettiar.

3. Alwar, Azhavar and Alavar (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District).

4. Servai (except Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts).

5. Ansar.

6. Arayar, Nulayar (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencoltah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District).

7. Archakarai Vellala.

8. Aryavathi (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirrmclveli-Kattabomman District).

9. Ayira Vaisyar.

10. Badagar.

11. Billava.

12. Bondil.

13. Boyas (except Tiruchirapalli, Pudukottai, The Nilgiris, Salem, [Dharmapuri] [Substituted for the words ',and Dharmapuri' by G. O. Ms. No. 78, BC. MBS & MW, dated 4th August 2005.] and Krishnagiri Districts).

Pedda Boyar (except Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts), Oddars (except Thanjavur, Nagai-Quaid-e-Milleth, Tiruchirapalli, Pudukottai, Madurai and Dindigul-Anna Districts).Kaloddars (except Chengalpattu-MGR, Ramanathapuram, Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar, Kamarajar, Madurai, Dindigul Anna, Pudukottai, Tiruchirapalli, Tirunelveli-Kattabomman, Chidambaranar and Salem Districts).Nellorepet Oddars (except North Arcot-Ambedkar and Tiruvannamalai- Sambuvarayar Districts).Sooramari Oddars (except Salem District).

14. Chakkala (except Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar, Kamarajar, Ramanathapuram, Thanjavur, Nagai-Quaid-c-Milleth, Pudukottai, Tiruchirapalli, Madurai, Dindigul-Anna and The Nilgiris Districts).

15. Chavalakarar (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman Districts).

16. Cheltu or Chetty (including Kottar Chetty, Elur Chetty, Pathira Chetty, Valayal Chetty, Pudukkadai Chetty) (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman Districts).

17. Chowdry.

18. Converts to Christianity from Scheduled Castes irrespective oi the generation of conversion for the purpose of reservation of seats in Educational Institutions and for seats in Public Services.

19. C.S.I. formerly S.I.U.C. (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District).

20. Donga Dasaris (except Chengalpattu-MGR, Tiruchirapalli, Pudukottai, Chennai and Salem Districts).

21. Dekkani Muslims.

22. Devangar, Sedar.

23. Dombs (except Pudukottai and Tiruchirapalli Districts). Dommars (except Thanjavur, Nagai Quaid-e-Milleth Pudukottai, North Arcot-Ambedkar and Tiruvannamalai-Sambuvarayar Districts).

24. Dudekula.

25. Enadi.

26. Ezhavathy (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunclveli-Kattab omman District).

27. Ezhuthachar (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District).

28. Ezhuva (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli- Kattabomman District).

29. Gangavar.

30. Gavara, Gavarai and Vadugar (Vaduvar) (other than Kamma, Kapu, Balija and Reddi).

31. Gounder.

32. Gowda (including Gammala, Kalali and Anuppa Gounder.)

33. Megde.

34. Idiga.

35. Illalhu Pillaimar, Illuvar, Ezhuvar and illathar.

36. Jhetty.

37. Jogis (except Chengalpattu-MGR, Madurai, Dindigul-Anna, South Arcot-Vallalar, Villupuram-Ramasami Padayachiyar, North Arcot- Ambedkar and Tiruvannamalai - Sambuvarayar Districts).

38. Kabbera.

39. Kaikolar, Sengunthar.

40. Kaladi (except Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar, Kamarajar, Ramanathapuram, Madurai, Dindigul-Anna, Thanjavur, Nagai Quaid-e-Milleth, Pudukottai and Tiruchirapalli Districts).

41. Kalari Kurup including Kalari Panicker (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District).

42. Kalingi.

43. Kallar including Easanattu Kallar, Gandarvakottai Kallars Thanjavur, Nagai Quaid-e-Milleth and Pudukottai Districts),I Kootappal Kallars (except Pudukottai and Tiruchirapalli Districts, Piranmalai Kallars (except Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar, Kamarajar, Ramanathapuram, Madurai, Dindigul-Anna, Pudukottai, Thanjavur and Nagai Quaid-e-Milleth Districts), Periyasooriyur Kallars (except Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts).

44. Kaliar Kula Thondaman.

45. Kalveli Gounder.

46. Kambar.

47. Kammalar or Viswakarma, Viswakarmala (including That tar, Porkollar, Kannar, Karumar Kollar, Thacher, Kal Thacher, Kamsala and Viswabrahmin).

48. Kani, Kanisu, Kaniyar, Panikkar.

49. Kaniyala Vellalar.

50. Kannada Saineegar, Kannadiyar (Throughout the State) and Dasapal-anjika (Coimbatore, Periyar and The Nilgiris Districts).

51. Kannadiya Naidu.

52. Karpoora Chettiar.

53. Karuneegar (Seer Karuneegar, Sri Karuneegar, Sarattu; Karuneegar, Kaikatti Karuneegar, Mathuvazhi Kanakkar, Sozhi Kanakkar and Sunnambu Karuneegar).

54. Kasukkara Chettiar.

55. Katesar, Pattamkatti.

56. Kavuthiyar.

57. Kerala Mudali.

58. Kharvi.

59. Khatri.

60. Kongu Vaishnava.

61. Kongu Vellalars (including Vellala Gounder, Nattu Gounder, Naram-bukkatti Gounder, Tirumudi Vellalar, Thondu Vellalar, Pala Gounder, Poosari Gounder, Anuppa Vellala Gounder, Karumba Gormder, Padaithalai Gounder, Chendalai Goundi Pavalankatti Vellala Gounder, Pala Vellala Gounder, Sanki Vellala Gormder and Rathinagiri Gounder).

62. Koppala Velama.

63. Koteyar.

64. Krishnanvaka (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District).

65. Kudikara Vellalar.

66. Kudumbi (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirimelveli-Kattabomman District).

67. Kuga Vellalar.

68. Kunchidigar.

69. Labbais including Rowthar and Marakayar (whether their spoken language is Tamil or Urdu).

70. Lambadi.

71. Latin Catholics (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District).

72. Lingayat (Jangama).

73. Mahratta (non-Brahmin) (including NamdevMahratta).

74. Malayar.

75. Male

76. Maniagar.

77. Mapilla.

78. Maravars (except Thanjavur, Nagai Quaid-e-Milleth, Pudukot tai, Ramanathapuram, Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar, Kamarajar, Tirunelveli-Kattabomman and Chidambaranar District) including Karumaravars, Appanad Kondayamkotlai Maravar(exceptPasumponMuthuramalinga Thevar, Kamarajar, Ramanathapuram, Madurai and Dindigul-Anna Districts) and Sembanad Maravars (except Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar, Kamarajar and Ramanathapuram District).

79. Moondrumandai Enbathunalu (84) Ur. Sozhia Vellalar.

80. Mooppan.

81. Muthuraja, Muthuracha, Muttiriyar, Muthiriyar, Mutharaiyar.

82. Nadar, Sannar and Gramani (including Christian Nadaf, Christian Shanar and Christian Gramani).

83. Nagaram.

84. Naikkar (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District).

85. Nangudi Vellalar.

86. Nanjil Mudali (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah; Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District).

87. Odar (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District).

88. Odiya.

89. Oottruvalanattu Vellalar.

90. O.P.S. Vellalar.

91. Ovachar.

92. Paiyur Kotta Vellalar.

93. Pamulu.

94. Panar (except in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District where the community is a Scheduled Caste).

95. Panisaivan (including Virakodi Vellala.)

96. Kathikarar in Kanniyakumari District.

97. Pannirandam Chettiar or Uthama Chettiar.

98. Parkavakulam (including Surithimar, Nathamar, Malayamar, Moopanar and Nainar).

99. Perike (including Perike Balija).

100. Perumkollar (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District).

101. Podikara Vellalar.

102. Pooluva Gounder.

103. Poraya.

104. Pulavar (in Coimbatore and Periyar Districts).

105. Pulluvar or Pooluvar.

106. Pusala.

107. Reddy (Ganjam).

108. Sadhu Chetty (including Telugu Chetty, Twenty-four Manai Telugu Chetty).

109. Sakkaravar or Kavathi (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District).

110. Salivagana.

111. Saliyar, Padmasaliyar, Pattusaliyar, Pattariyar and Adhaviyar.

112. Savalakkarar.

113. Senaithalaivar, Senaikudiyar and Illaivaniar.

114. Sheik.

115. Sourashtra (Palnulkarar).

116. Sozhia Vellalar (including Sozna Vellalar, Vetrilaikarar, Kodikalkarar and Keeraikarar).

117. Srisayar.

118. Sundaram Chetty.

119. Syed.

120. Tnogana Veerakshatriya.

121. Tholkollar (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District).

122. Tholuva Naicker and Vetalakara Naicker.

123. Thoraiyar.

124. Thoriyar.

125. Ukkirakula Kshatriya Naicker.

126. Uppara, Uppillia and Sagara.

127. Urali Gounder (except Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai District) and Orudaya Gounder or Oorudaya Gounder (in Madurai, Dindigul-Anna, Coimbatore, Periyar, Tiruchirappalli, Pudukottai and Salem Districts).

128. Urikkara Nayakkar.

129. Vallambar.

130. Valmiki.

131. Vaniyar, Vania Chettiar (including Gandla, Ganika, Telikula and Chekkalar).

132. Veduvar and Vedar (except in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District where the community is a Scheduled Caste).

133. Veerasaiva (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District).

134. Velar.

135. Vellan Chettiar.

136. Veluthodathu Nair (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District).

137. Vokkaligar (including Vakkaligar, Okkaligar, Kappiliyar, Kappiliya, Okkaliga Gowda, Okkaliga, Gowda, Okkaliya Gowder, Okkaliya Gowda.)

138. Wynad Chetty (The Nilgiris District).

139. Yadhava (including Idaiyar, Telugu Speaking Idaiyar known as Vaduga Ayar or Vaduga Idaiyar or Golla and Asthanthra Golla.)

140. Yavana.

141. Yerukula.

142. Converts to Christianity from any Hindu Backward Classes Community or Most Backward Classes Community or Denotified Communities except the Converts to Christianity from Meenavar, Parvatharajakulam, Pattanavar, Sembadavar, Mukkuvar or Mukayar and Paravar.

143. Orphans and des titute children who have lost their parents before reaching the age often and are destitutes; and who have nobody else to take care of them either by law or custom; and also who are admitted into any of the schools or orphanages run by the Government or recognised by the Government.

II. List of Most Backward Classes:

1. Ambalakarar.

2. Andipandaram.

3. Bestha, Siviar.

4. Bhatraju (other than Kshatriya Raju).

5. Boyar, Oddar.

6. Dasari.

7. Dommara.

8. Eravallar (except in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli Kattabomman District where the Community is a Scheduled Tribe).

9. Isaivellalar.

10. Jambuvanodai.

11. Jangam.

12. Jogi.

13. Kongu Chettiar (in Coimbatore and Periyar Districts only).

14. Koracha.

15. Kulala (including Kuyavar and Kumbarar).

16. Kunnuvar Mannadi.

17. Kurumba.

18. Kuruhini Chetty.

19. Maruthuvar, Navithar, Mangala, Velakattalavar, Velakatalanair and Pronopakari.

20. Mond Golla.

21. Moundadan Chetty

22. Mahendra, Medara.

23. Mutlakampatti.

24. Narikoravar.

25. Nokkar.

26. Vanniakula Kshatriya (including Vanniyar, Vanniya, Vannia Gounder, Gounder or Kander, Padaychi, Palli and Agnikula Kshatriya).

27. Paravar (except in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli. - Kattabomman District where the Community is Scheduled Caste) (including Converts to Christianity).

28. Meenavar (Parvatharajakulam, Pattanavar, Sembadavar) (including Converts to Christianity).

29. Mukkuvar or Mukayar (including Converts to Christianity)

30. Punnan Vettuva Gounder.

31. Pannayar (other than Kathikarar in Kanniyakumari District).

32. Sathatha Srivaishnava (includingSathani, Ghattadi and Chattada Sri-vaishnava).

33. Sozhia Chetty.

34. Telugupatty Chetty.

35. Thottia Naicker (including Rajakambalam, Gollavar, Sillavar, Thocka-lavar and Thozhuva Naicker).

36. Thondaman.

37. Valaiyar (including Chettinad Valayars).

38. Vannar (Salaivai Thozhilalar) (including Agasa, Madivala, Ekali, Raja-kula, Veluthadar and Rajaka) (except in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-Kattabomman District where the community is a Scheduled Caste).

39. Vettaikarar.

40. Vettuva Gounder.

41. Yogeeswarar.

III. List of Denotified Communities:
1. Attur Kilnad Koravars --- Salem, South Arcot Vallalar, Villupuram-RamasamyPadayachiyar, Ramanathapuram, Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar andKamarajar Districts.
2. Attur Melnad Koravars --- Salem District.
3. Appanad Kondayamkottai --- Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar, Maravar.Kamarajar, Ramanathapuram, Madurai and Dindigul-Anna Districts.
4. Ambalakarar --- Thanjavur, Nagai Quaid-e-Milleth, Tiruchirapalliand Pudukottai Districts.
5. Ambalakkarar --- Suriyanur, Tiruchirapalli District.
6. Boyas --- Tiruchirapalli, Pudukottai, The Nilgiris, Salemand Dharmapuri Districts.
7. Sattu Tarkas ---  
8. C.K. Koravars --- South Arcot-Vallalar and Villuiiram-RamasamyPadayachiyar Districts.
9. Chakkala --- Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar, Kamarajar,Ramanathapuram, Thanjavur, Nagai Quaid-e-Milleth, Pudukottai,Tiruchirapalli, Madurai, Dindigul-Anna and The Nilgiris Dislricl
10. Changayampudi Koravars --- North Arcot-Ambedkar andTiruvannamalai-Sambuvarayar District!
11. Chettinad Valayars --- Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar, Kamarajar andRamanathapuram Districts.
12. Dombs --- Pudukottai and Tiruchirapalli Districts.
13. Dobba Koravars --- Salem District.
14. Dommars --- Thanjavur, Nagai Quaid-e-Milleth, Pudukottai,North Arcot-Ambedkar and Tiruvannamalai-Sambuvarayar Districts
15. Donga Soya ---  
16. Donga Ur.Korachas ---  
17. Devagudi Talayaris ---  
18. Dobbai Korachas --- Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts.
19. Dabi Koravars --- Thanjavur, Nagai Quaid-e-Milleth,Tiruchirapalli, Pudukottai,; North Arcot Ambedkar andTiruvannamalai-Sambuvarayar Districts.
20. Donga Dasaris --- Chengalpattu-M.G.R., Tiruchirapalli, Pudukottai,Madras and Salem Districts.
21. Gorrela Dodda Soya ---  
22. Gudu Dasaris ---  
23. Gandarvakottai Korayars --- Thanjavur, Nagai Quaid-e-Milleth,Tiruchirapalli, Pudukottai, South Arcot-Vallalar andVil-lupuram-Ramasamy Padayachiyar Districts.
24. Gandarvakottai Kallars --- Thanjavur, Nagai Quaid-e-Milleth and PudukottaiDistricts.
25. Inji Koravars --- Thanjavur, Nagai Quaid-e-Milleth, Tiruchirapalliand Pudukottai Districts.
26. Jogis --- Chengalpattu-MGR, Madras, South Arcot-Vallalar,Villupuram Ramasamy Padayachiyar, North Arcot-Ambedkar andTiruvannamalai-Sambuvarayar Districts.
27. Jambavanodai ---  
28. Kaladis --- Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar, Kamarajar,Ramanathapuram, Madurai, Dindigul-Anna, Thanjavur, Nagai Quaid-e-Milleth, Pudukottai and Tiruchirapalli Districts.
29. Kal Oddars --- Chengalpattu-MGR, Ramanathapuram, Pas-umponMuthuramalinga Thevar, Kamarajar, Madurai, Dindigul-Anna,Pudukottai, Tiruchirapalli, Tirunelveli- Kattabomman,Chidambaranar and Salem Districts.
30. Koravars --- Chengalpattu-MGR, Ramanathapuram, PasumponMuthuramalinga Thevar, Kamarajar, Pudukottai, Thanjavur, NagaiQuaid-e-Mil-leth, Tiruchirapalli, Tirunelveli-Kattabomman,Chidambaranar, Madras, Madurai, Dindigul-Anna and The NilgirisDistricts.
31. Kalinji Dabikoravar --- Thanjavur, Nagai Quaid-e-Milleth and PudukottaiDistricts.
32. Kootappal Kallars --- Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts.
33. Kala Koravars --- Thanjavur, Nagai Quaid-e-Milleth, Tiruchirapalliand Pudukottai Districts.
34. Kalavathila Boyas ---  
35. Kepmaris --- Chengalpattu-MGR, Pudukottai and TiruchirapalliDistricts.
36. Maravars --- Thanjavur, Nagai-Quaid-e-Milleth, Pudukottai,Ramanathapuram, Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar, Kamarajar,Tirun'elveli Kattabomman and Chidambaranar Districts.
37. Monda Koravars ---  
38. Monda Golla --- Salem District.
39. Mutlakampatt --- Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts.
40. Nokkars --- Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts.
41. Nellorepet Oddars --- North Arcot-Ambedkar andTiruvannamalai-Sambuvarayar Districts
42. Oddars --- Thanjavur, Nagai-Quaid-e-Milleth,Tiruchirapalli, Pudukottai, Madurai and Dindigul-Anna Districts.
43. Pedda Boyas --- Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts.
44. Ponnai Koravars --- North Arcot-Ambedkar andTiruvannamalai-Sambuvarayar Districts
45. Piramalai Kallars --- Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar, Kamarajar,Ramanathapuram, Madurai, Dindigul Anna, Pudukottai, Thanjavur andNagai Quaid-e-Milleth Districts.
46. Peria Suriyar Kallars --- Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts.
47. Padayachi --- Vellayan Kuppam in South Arcot-Vallalar Districtand Tennore in Tiruchirapalli District.
48. Purvnan Vettuva Gounder --- Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts.
49. Servai --- Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts.
50. Salem Melnad Koravars --- Madurai, Dindigul-Anna, Coimbatore, Periyar,Pudukottai, Tiruchirapalli, Salem, North Arcot-Ambedkar andTiruvannamalai-Sambu-varayar Districts.
51. Salem Uppu Koravars --- Salem District.
52. Sakkaraithamadai Koravars --- North Arcot-Ambedkar andTiruvannamalai-Sambuvarayar Districts.
53. Saranga Palli Koravars ---  
54. Sooramari Oddars --- Salem District.
55. Sembanad Maravars --- Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar Kamarajar andRamanathapuram Districts.
56. Thalli Koravars --- Salem District.
57. Thelungapatti Chettis --- Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts,
58. Thottia Naickers --- Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar, Kamarajar,Ramanathapuram, Chengalpattu-MGR, Thanjavur,Nagai-Quaid-e-Milleth, Tiruchirapalli, Pudukottai,Tirunelveli-Kattabomman, Chidambaranar, Salem, NorthArcot-Ambedkar, Tiruvannamalai-Sambuvarayar, Coimbatore andPeriyar Districts.
59. Thogamalai Koravars or Kepmaris --- Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts.
60. Uppukoravars or Settipalli Kovavars --- Thanjavur, Nagai-Quaid-e-Milleth, Pudukottai,Madurai, Dindigul-Anna, North Arcot-Ambedkar andTiruvannamalai-Sambuvarayar Districts.
61. Urali Goundars --- Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts.
62. Wayalpad or Nawalpeta Korachas ---  
63. Vaduvarpatti Koravars --- Madurai, Dindigul-Anna, Ramanathapuram, PasumponMuthuramalinga Thevar, Kamarajar, Tirunelveli-Kattabomman,Chidambaranar, Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts.
64. Valayars --- Madurai, Dindigul-Anna, Tiruchirapalli,Pudukottai, Periyar and Coimbatore Districts.
65. Vettaikarar --- Thanjavur, Nagai Quaid-e-Milleth and PudukottaiDistricts, Salem District.
66. Vetta Koravars --- Salem District
67. Varaganeri Koravars --- Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts.
68. Vettuva Gounder --- Tiruchirapalli and Pudukottai Districts.